Pleiades Change Log: 2023-01-01 - 2023-01-31

Abū Jāmūs

Ruin of unknown type where cuneiform tablets are said to have been discovered in modern Iraq.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Abū Ṭbīrah

Medium-sized Sumerian city close to modern Al-Nasiriyya.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Adilcevaz

Medieval castle of the town Adilcevaz on the shore of Lake Van where Urartian inscriptions have been found. Not to be confused with Kef Kalesi which is located further north and outside of Adilcevaz.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

al-Jazirah (region)

The northern portion of the region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is known today as Upper Mesopotamia. The area, extending from the mountains of eastern Anatolia in the north to the Tharthar Depression (northwest of Baghdad) in the south, is an alluvial plain that formed an important crossroads region in the ancient and medieval periods. Major settlements of the region in the early Islamic period include Ar-Raqqah and Edessa.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Aludiri

Urartian fortress of Aznavurtepe.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

‘Ammān al-Madanī civil airport

Bronze age building located within the civil airport of Amman.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Ancient harbour (submerged) at Aegina

Archaeological remains of Aegina's military harbor.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling

Aras

Site for Urartian rock inscription (also known as "Delibaba inscription").
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Arinçkus

Find place for a Urartian stele.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Aruch

Findspot for Urartian inscription.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Aşağı Anzaf

Fortress close to the Urartian capital Tushpa.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Aşağı Yarımca

Mound close to Harran where an inscribed stele has been found.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Bağin

Village where fragments of a Urartian stele have been found (one in a church, one in a fortress).
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Bahçecik

Urartian site containing a ruined building and some rock inscriptions.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Bakr Āwā

Large mound with citadel in the plain of Shahrizor, occupied from Early Bronze Age to modern time.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Karen Rubinson; Tom Elliott

Barracks of K5

Military barracks reworked from private houses in Block K5 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Basilica of the Sacred Heart (Paray-le-Monial)

12th-century church in Paray-le-Monial, France. This site was a popular pilgrimage site and is an important example of Cluniac architecture.
Creators: Zachary Rosalinsky
Contributors:

Bath C3

Bath building constructed by Roman soldiers in Block C3.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Bath E3 Phase 1

Bath building located in the intramuros military sector of Dura-Europos, replaced by Bath E3 Phase 2.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Bath E3 Phase 2

Bath building located in the intramuros military sector of Dura-Europos, replaces Bath E3 Phase 1.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Bath M7

Bath building constructed by Roman soldiers in Block M7.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Baysān

Find place for cuneiform inscription.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Building (Temple?) West of The Principia Court (Rooms E7-20, E7-21, E7-22, E7-37, E7-38, E7-39, E7-40)

Building located west of the principia in block E7 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Capitolium of Terracina

A Tuscanic podium temple that is often referred to as being of the Capitolium type was built at Terracina in the middle of the first century BCE.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Castellazzo di Taneto

A Medieval fort dating from the mid-ninth to the eleventh century CE.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Catacomb of San Zotico

A Christian catacomb located at the tenth mile of the ancient Via Labicana.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Christian House Church

Church adapted from a private house building in Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Chrysopolitissa complex

The Chrysopolitissa complex in Paphos is an archaeological area that includes various ruins. Among these are those of an early Christian basilica (fourth to seventh centuries), a medieval Franciscan church (thirteenth century), and the so-called Pillar of St. Paul.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Church of Mren

7th-century Armenian church in the Kars region of Turkey. This church is now ruined, but still is the second-largest domed basilica from the 7th-century Caucasus still extant.
Creators: Zachary Rosalinsky
Contributors:

Cuneiform findspot close to the citadel of ‘Ammān

Location on a slope south-east of the citadel of ‘Ammān (modern Jordan) where cuneiform texts were discovered.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Dereüstü

Find spot for fragmentary stele with Urartian inscription.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Dis Pater, Aedes

A temple listed in the Notitia for Regio XI but not the Curiosum may be a misidentification of the temple of Summanus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

E5 Barracks

Partially excavated military barracks reworked from private houses in Block E5 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

E6 Barracks

Unexcavated military barracks reworked from private houses in Block E6 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

F5 Barracks

Military barracks located north of the camp wall in the northern part of Block K5 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

F7 Barracks

Military barracks located north of the camp wall in the northern part of Block K5 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

First Mithraeum

First phase of a sacred space dedicated to the worship of the god Mithras at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Friars Wash Roman Temple

The Friars Wash Roman Temple was noted first in 1965. Aerial photography and subsequent archaeological investigation identified a system of ditches and two rectangular structures that were considered to be Romano-British temples.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Grandford

The remains of a Romano-British settlement at Grandford, Cambridgeshire, were identified by aerial photography. The site lies northwest of the modern town of March and likely lay along the Roman road conventionally known as the Fen Causeway that began at the Roman fort of Longthorpe. The site's extent may have been on the order of 40 acres.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Güzelhisar

Mosque in the village of Güzelhisar/Avnik where a Urartian inscription was found in 1965.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

House H2-D

Private house located in Block H2 of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

House J1-A

Remains of a large house with peristyle located within the intramuros military sector of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

House K5-A

Private house converted later into the barracks of K5.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

House L7-H

Private house later adapted for use as synagogue phase 1.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

House M8-A

Private house preceeding the Christian church.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

House X7-A

Private house later converted for military use as X7 Barracks.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

House X7-B

Private house later converted for military use as X7 Barracks.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Iuppiter Arborator

A place included in Regio XI of the Regionary Catalogues, this may have been a shrine on the spina of the Circus Maximus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

J1 Barracks

Unexcavated military barracks south of House J1-A in Block J1 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

J2 Barracks

Unexcavated military barracks reworked from private houses in Block J2 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

J3 Barracks

Unexcavated military barracks reworked from private houses in Block J3 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

J4 Barracks

Unexcavated military barracks reworked from private houses in Block J4 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

J6 Barracks

Military barracks in the southern part of Block J6 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

J7 Barracks

Military barracks reworked from private houses in Block J7 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

J8 Barracks

Unexcavated military barracks reworked from private houses in Block J8 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

K3 Barracks

Military barracks located north of the camp wall in the northern part of Block K3 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

K5 Barracks

Military barracks located north of the camp wall in the northern part of Block K5 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

K7 Barracks

Military barracks located north of the camp wall in the northern part of Block K7 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Khirbet el-Mastarah

An archaeological site located in the middle Jordan Valley in the West Bank that includes the largest known of the complex oval compound type habitation sites connected with the Israelite Settlement period.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Lake Eğirdir

Lake in the southwestern Konya Plain; ancient name unknown.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Noah Kaye

Late Mithraeum

Final phase of a sacred space dedicated to the worship of the god Mithras at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Mardaman

Early and Middle Bronze Age city in northern Mesopotamia.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Megali Koryfi

Megali Koryfi, an archaeological site on the island of Aegina in proximity to the Christian chapel of Ag. Antonios that is noted for the presence of substantial remains of drystone fortifications dating to the Mycenaean period.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling

Mercurius, Aedes

A temple dedicated to Mercury and Maia that was located on the slopes of the Aventine Hill overlooking the Circus Maximus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Metsopay-Vank

Armenian monastery and find place for a Urartian stele.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Middle Mithraeum

Second phase of a sacred space dedicated to the worship of the god Mithras at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Military Zeus Temple

Small temple with pitched roof presumably dedicated to Zeus, located in the military campus zone Block A1 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Muweilah

A fortified settlement dating to the Iron Age II period (ca. 1,100-600 BCE).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Pī-Kasî

Site for the city of Pikasi dating back to the Old Babylonian period. A large number of cuneiform tablets were discovered there during excavations around year 2000.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Pini di Sirolo

"I Pini di Sirolo" is the name given to the archaeological site of a Picene necropolis of the first millennium BCE in Italy's Marche region. The necropolis included a large tumulus of the sixth century BCE that included two chariots.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Plinth in D Street Outside The Temple of Artemis Azzanthkona

Probable statue base placed outside the temple of Artemis Azzanathkona at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Pre-Mithraeum Building(s)

Fragmentary remains of three phases of pre-Roman period buildings under the foundations of the Mithraeum at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Principia

Military headquarters building at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Qal‘at ‘Awaynah

Stronghold with traces of Assyrian buildings where inscribed blocks have been found. Possibly ancient Alše.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Radwell Roman villa

A Roman villa site in Hertfordshire, England, Radwell Roman villa is located 500 meters west of Ermine Street and some 4 km north of the small Roman town at Baldock.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Remains of Sasanian Persian Siege Ramp in Dura-Europos

Ramp associated with Sasanian Persian siege and eventual fall of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Rock inscription near ‘Ayn-i Rūm

Site for Urartian rock inscription.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Roman Countermine Near Tower 19

Subterranian mine aimed at deterring the Sasanian Persian siege and eventual fall of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Roman Military Palace

Palace building located at the northeast within the military sector at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Sagzabad Cluster

Group of three Neolithic, Bronze, and Iron Age tells located in Iran's Qazvin Plain.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors:

Sanctuary 18/19

Small temple building E7-19 with tenemos E7-18 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Santi Quaranta

The remains of a long, early Imperial-period Roman cryptoporticus at Beneventum that was re-used in the Middle Ages. It is situated between the modern San Lorenzo district and the rural area of Cellarulo, near the Basilica of the Madonna delle Grazie in Benevento, Italy.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Sasasanian Mine Near Tower 19

Subterranian mine associated with Sasanian Persian siege and eventual fall of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Seven Wells

A place in Arabia that is mentioned in Strabo's discussion of the ultimately unsuccessful eastern campaign of Aelius Gallus. It was located eleven days marching from Negrana. From Seven Wells Gallus proceeded to Chaalla and Malothas.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Shalfak

A Middle Kingdom fortress that was originally located on the Nile's west bank at the Second Cataract of the Nile River. The ruins of the fortress are now situated on an island in Lake Nubia in northern Sudan.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Strategeion

Palace located in block C9 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Summanus, Aedes

"Aedes Summanus" or "Templum Summanus" was a temple built near the Circus Maximus during the war with Pyrrhus. It could have been located on the slope of the Aventine Hill. The temple was likely built after the terracotta statue of Summanus included in the pedimental sculpture of the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus on the Capitoline Hill, causing the statue's head to be flung into the river Tiber.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Synagogue Phase 1

Synagogue adapted from a private house building in Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Synagogue Phase 2

Renovation of the synagogue at Dura-Europos c. 244 CE.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Tall Abū al-Dhahab

Archaeological site in the marches of Dhi Qar where Iraqi excavations have revealed secular and religious buildings belonging to the First Sealand Dynasty 1740–1374 BCE including a number of objects bearing cuneiform inscriptions.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Temple in Block X7

Small temple located to the northeast inside the military sector at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Adonis

Temple located in block L5 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Aphlad

Temple building located in the southwest corner of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Artargatis

Temple located in block H2 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Artemis Nanaia

Temple located in block H4 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Bêl

Temple building located on the northwest side of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Roma and Augustus, Leptis Magna

The Temple of Roma and Augustus at Leptis Magna is a large temple (ca. 46 x 20 meters) situated on the so-called "Old Forum". It was initially erected between 8 BCE and 19 CE using limestone from Ras el-Hammam. The temple has a pseudo-peripteral temple and is oriented to the southeast. Reconstruction and restoration in the second century CE used marble instead of the original limestone.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Temple of The Gadde

Temple at Dura-Europos named by excavators according to association with Gadde/Fortune of the city, but more recently recognized as a temple principally devoted to Malakbel.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of The Roman Archers

Temple situated on a raised podium and accessed by stairs, dedicated to an unknown deity and located in Block A1 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Zeus Kyrios/Baal-Shamin

Temple building located on the southwest side of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Zeus Megistos

Temple located in block C4 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple of Zeus Theos

Temple located in block B3 at Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Temple X9

Temple of unknown dedication located in Block X9 of Dura-Europos.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Tepe Ghabristan

Settlement in the Qazvin Plain intermittently inhabited from the 5th-1st millennia BCE; the westernmost of the three Bronze Age tells comprising the Sagzabad Cluster.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Tepe Sagzabad

Tell site in the Qazvin Plain inhabited from the Neolithic through the Achaemenid periods; the central tell comprising the Sagzabad Cluster.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors:

Tepe Zagheh

Chalcolithic settlement in the Qazvin Plain, Iran, occupied in the 6th-5th millennia BCE; the easternmost mound comprising the Sagzabad Cluster.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors:

Tomba Torlonia

An Etruscan tumulus-type tomb in the Monte Abatone necropolis of Caere that dates ca. 320-200 BCE.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Tower of David

Fortification located near the Jaffa Gate in Jerusalem. The current structure dates to the Mamluk and Ottoman periods, and is on the site of earlier Hasmonean, Herodian, Byzantine, and Early Muslim fortifications.
Creators: Zachary Rosalinsky
Contributors:

Tulūl al-Fāj

Two mounds from Parthian and Sassanian periods where Old Babylonian bricks have been found.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors:

Walma

Minor Bronze Age kingdom of Western Anatolia whose exact location(s) and extent are matters of scholarly debate. It bordered the kingdoms of Arzawa, Pitašša, and Tarhuntašša, and may have been centered around the settlement known in the Classical period as Hormoi in Phrygia.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Noah Kaye; Tom Elliott

Wimblington

The site of a Romano-British settlement located in Wimblington, Cambridgeshire, England.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

X7 Barracks

Military barracks reworked from private houses in Block X7 at Dura-Europos, located east and north of the X7 temple.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Yedikilise

Destroyed Armenian monastery in the village of Bakraçlı where Urartian inscriptions have been found.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Yukarı Anzaf

Site for Urartian palace and citadel.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Abila Lysaniou

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 69 D2 Abila Lysaniou
Creators: E.M. Meyers; J.P. Brown
Contributors: Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created name "Abila"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Adab

Bismaya, ancient Adab, is a major archaeological mound in southern Iraq. The site is located in the present-day Wāsiṭ Province about 65 kilometres south of al-Kūt. Excavations by E.J. Banks from 1903-05 uncovered extensive remains of the ancient city of Adab, predominantly dating to the 3rd and early 2nd millennium BCE. In its day, Adab was renowned especially for its temple, the Emaẖ, dedicated to the goddess Ninẖursag.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Ryan Horne; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: created CIGS location of Bismāyā
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Ad Tygrem/Amida

Modern Diyarbakir in Turkey.
Creators: M. Roaf; S.E. Kroll; St J. Simpson; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Eric Kansa; Francis Deblauwe; Gabriel Bodard; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Valeria Vitale; B. Siewert-Mayer; DARMC; H. Kopp; R. Talbert; W. Röllig
Modifications: modified connection "al-Jazirah (region)" (Create, Initial revision, Submit for review, edited)
Actors: Gabriel McKee

Aelamitae

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 unlocated Aelamitae
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Agranis/Hagrunya

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 91 unlocated Agranis/Hagrunya
Creators: M. Roaf; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Agranis" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Aigys

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 C3 Aigys
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Aigytis"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Akdamar Island

The second largest of the four islands in Lake Van, in eastern Turkey.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: created CIGS location of Ahtamar; created name "Ahtamar"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Akroreia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B2 Akroreia
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Michael Heubel; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert; Richard Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Akroreia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Akroreia
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Alalaḫ

A major Late Bronze Age city in the Amuq River Valley, inhabited during the Second Millennium BCE until about the 12th century BCE.
Creators: Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Gabriel Mckee; Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall al-‘Aṭshānah
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Alfoldean

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 8 G3 Alfoldean
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: update references; created OSM location of Roman Station; created connection "Trisanton (river)"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

al-Haura'

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 83 C6 al-Haura'
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aliler Fortress

Aliler Castle is the modern Turkish name of an Urartian fortress situated near the village of Karaağaç, approx. 11 km southeast of Lake Van. Here, the remains of a column base with a fragmentary preserved Urartian inscription of the Urartian king Minua (9th / 8th century BCE) have been found.
Creators: Birgit Christiansen
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Tom Elliott
Modifications: summary; created CIGS location of Aliler; created name "Aliler"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Alişar Höyük

A settlement with occupation from the Chalcolithic period (fourth millennium B.C.) until the Phrygian period (first millennium B.C.).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: created CIGS location of Alişar Hüyük; created name "Alişar Hüyük"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

al-Muwalih/Modiana?

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 83 A4 al-Muwalih/Modiana?
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Alsium

Alsium served as a port for Caere, together with Fregenae.
Creators: L. Quilici; S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Altıntepe

A Urartian settlement on a hill overlooking the Euphrates River
Creators: M. Roaf; S.E. Kroll; St J. Simpson; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Francis Deblauwe; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified OSM location of Altıntepe Höyüğü (reimported full Way geometry and updated provenance); created CIGS location of Altıntepe; created name "Altıntepe"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Amarna

A new capital for Egypt founded by Akhenaten during his reign as pharaoh during Egypt's Eighteenth Dynasty.
Creators: Iris Fernandez
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott
Modifications: created CIGS location of Al-‘Amārnah; created name "Al-‘Amārnah"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Ambos

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: J. Keenan; S.E. Sidebotham; T. Wilfong
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Contra Apollonos"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Ammodios/Amouda

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 89 C3 Ammodios/Amouda
Creators: M. Roaf; S.E. Kroll; St J. Simpson; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall ʻĀmūdā; created name "Tall ʻĀmūdā"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Anagrana/Negram

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 B2 Anagrana/Negram
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Jérémie Schiettecatte; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Negrana" (Greek name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Angkor Wat

The principal temple of Angkor, the capital city of the Khmer empire, Angkor Wat was constructed in the 12th century CE. Angkor was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1992.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Aphrodisias/Politice Orgas

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 56 unlocated Aphrodisias/Politice Orgas
Creators: C. Foss; G. Reger; S. Mitchell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Politice Orgas" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Aphthis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 74 unlocated Aphthis
Creators: A. Bernand
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; modified name "Aphthis" (Greek name, Hdt. reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Apollonia/Sozousa

Apollonia was an ancient city in the Cyrenaica and a port of Cyrene. The city was one of the five cities of the Libyan Pentapolis in Cyrenaica.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified connection "Pentapolis" (part of regional (not administrative)); created connection "Pentapolis"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Aquae Neri/*Neriomagus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 14 H2 Aquae Neri/*Neriomagus
Creators: H.S. Sivan; R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arados/Tylos Minor?/Athrotradus? (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 C3 Arados/Tylos Minor?/Athrotradus? Ins.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Arados" (Greek name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Ara Maxima Herculis

An early cult center connected with Herakles located in Rome's Forum Boarium.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: created connection "Regio XI (Circus Maximus)"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Arba (island)

Rab island in the Adriatic Sea.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos; P. Kos
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arco del Sacramento

A Roman arch of the second century A.D. that faced on to the forum of Beneventum.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: add wikidata Q3621766: Arco del Sacramento, Benevento
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arderikka

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 93 unlocated Arderikka
Creators: A. Hausleiter; M. Roaf; R. Wenke; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; P. Flensted Jensen; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Arderikka" (Greek name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Armaouira

Armaouira (Urartian Argishtikhinili) was a fortified center of ancient Urartu. The site is located close to Armavir, Armenia.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Diane Braund; R. Talbert
Modifications: created GIGS location of Armavir
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Arrapha/Karkha de Beth Seluk

The name of the ancient city of Arrapha is first attested in the time of the Neo-Sumerian empire. It later became part of the Akkadian empire. Its location is thought to be that of modern Kirkuk in northeastern Iraq.
Creators: M. Roaf; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Eric Kansa; Francis Deblauwe; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; B. Siewert-Mayer; DARMC; H. Kopp; R. Talbert; W. Röllig
Modifications: add TM GEO ID; update references; update summary; created CIGS location of Kirkūk; created OSM location of قلعة كركوك - قەڵای کەرکووک (Kirkuk Citadel); modified name "Arrapha" (update reference); modified name "Arrapachitis" (update reference); created name "Kirkūk"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Arsinoe/Taucheira

Arsinoe/Taucheira (modern Tocra) may have originally been a Greek foundation that was part of Pentapolis of Cyrenaica. It eventually became a Roman colony and, by the time of Justinian, was fortified.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified connection "Pentapolis" (part of regional (not administrative))
Actors: Tom Elliott

Arzawa

A kingdom or federation in western Anatolia, whose exact location(s) and extent are matters of scholarly debate. The presence and nature of Arzawa is gleaned primarily from Hittite royal annals and diplomatic texts of the LBA, as well as the two letters from Amarna between Amenhotep III and the king of Arzawa. These texts, however, do not reveal the temporal span of Arzawa, and should be treated as snapshots in time. Arzawa reached its greatest prominence in the middle of the fourteenth century BCE, but had been reduced to a rump state by the end of the century. The remaining territory formed the core of the kingdom of Lydia.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Müge Durusu
Modifications: edited; modified name "Arzawa" (edited)
Actors: Gabriel McKee

Ashdod/Azotos (Mesogeios)

An ancient settlement of the Philistines.
Creators: B. Isaac
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Carolin Johansson; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; created CIGS location of Ashdod; created name "Ashdod"; created name "Ashdūd"; created name "Isdud"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Ashur/‘Lamban’?/‘Liba(nai)’?

Aššur, modern Qal'at Sherqat, is an Assyrian city on the western bank of the Tigris River. Named after its enigmatic tutelary deity, it was the original capital, ancestral home, and burial place of the Assyrian royal family. From the late third millennium B.C. until 614 B.C., when the city was captured and destroyed by the Medes, Aššur was Assyria's most important religious center. It was also Assyria's principal administrative center until the beginning of the ninth century, when Ashurnasirpal II (883-859) moved the capital to the newly constructed Calah.
Creators: M. Roaf; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Ryan Horne; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created CIGS location of Qalʻat Shirqāṭ
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Asimah

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 inset Asimah
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; created OSM location of اعسمة
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Ašnakkum

Town in the Khabur River basin in Northern Syria, now known as Chagar Bazar. First settled in the Neolithic Period, the town appears to have been abandoned during the Early Bronze Age. It was resettled in the Early Dynastic period, becoming an administrative center of the Old Assyrian Empire.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall Shāghir Bāzār; created name "Tall Shāghir Bāzār"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Asochis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 69 B4 Asochis
Creators: E.M. Meyers; J.P. Brown
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; created OSM location of Tel Hanaton
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Athena Polias, T.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 55 unlocated Athena Polias, T.
Creators: J. Fossey; J. Morin
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; G. Reger; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Peparethus (island)"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Athroula/Laththa

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 B2 Athroula/Laththa
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Gabriel Mckee; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Athroula" (Greek name, Strabo reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Attaioi

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Attaioi
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ayanis

Ayanis (or Ayanıs, now Ağartı Kalesi) is an Urartean fortress and settlement located 35 km north of Van on a rocky outcrop 250 m above Lake Van (1867 m above sea level). It was founded in the 7th century BCE under Rusa, son of Argišti, and was named Rusahinili Eidurukai ("The City of Rusa in front of Mount Eiduru"). Here two inscriptions of Rusa, son of Argišti (7th century BCE), have been found which report that Rusa cultivated the barren land, built the fortress and the city as well as a “tower temple” (“susi temple”) and a “Gate for the God Haldi” (A 12-01 and A 12-09).
Creators: Birgit Christiansen
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Gabriel Mckee; Noah Kaye; Rune Rattenborg; Tom Elliott
Modifications: modified OSM location of Ayanıs Kalesi (period: Urartian); created OSM location of Ayanıs Kalesi; created CIGS location of Ayanıs; created name "Ayanıs"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Aynuna

In modern Saudi Arabia, about 3km inland from the modern fishing port of al‑Khuraybah on the Gulf of Aqaba, a pair of ancient Nabatean sites occupy high ground to the northwest of the Wadi Aynuna. Most scholars agree that these sites are to be identified collectively with Leuke Kome, mentioned in Strabo and the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea; however, some other locations have been posited (see Gawlikowski 2022, note 5).
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Leuke Kome" (Greek name, references added)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Babylon

The ancient city of Babylon began as an Akkadian city-state founded by Amorites in 1894 B.C. The city was also the seat of the Neo-Babylonian Empire from 608 to 539 B.C.
Creators: M. Roaf; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Ryan Horne; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created OSM location of آثار بابل; created CIGS location of Bābīl; created name "Bābīl"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Bacaschami Riphearina

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 unlocated Bacaschami Riphearina
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Badais

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 83 B5 Badais
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Untitled"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Balagrae

Balagrae (modern El Beida or Al Bayda, Libya) was an ancient settlement of Cyrenaica and is perhaps best known for its Asclepium.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified connection "Pentapolis" (part of regional (not administrative)); created connection "Pentapolis"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Baldock

A pre-Roman and Romano-British settlement was located at Baldock along the Icknield Way.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: typo; create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; summary; update references; created OSM location of Roman Settlement
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Ballatha

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 67 G3 Ballatha
Creators: P.-L. Gatier; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; M. Ballance; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: created OSM location of أرسلان طاش (Arslan Tash); created CIGS location of Arslān Ṭash; created name "Arslān Ṭash"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Barke

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 38 B1 Barke
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified connection "Pentapolis" (part of regional (not administrative))
Actors: Tom Elliott

Başbulak

Find spot for a stone with Urartian inscription.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: Send back; Submit for review; edited; Initial revision; Create
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Başbulak

Başbulak/Bulakbaşı/Kanî Kewang is situated near Taşburun in the Kars province in eastern Turkey. Here a stone block with an inscription of the Urartian king Minua (9th / 8th century BCE) was found, in which he claims to have built the building to which the stone block belonged. Furthermore, Minua states that he has built a fortress at this place and given it the name "Minuahinili". In Roman times, the locality was known as Paracata.
Creators: M. Roaf; S.E. Kroll; St J. Simpson; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Birgit Christiansen; Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: += fort, findspot; title; references provided by cjohansson; summary; created CIGS location of Başbulak; created OSM location of Bulakbaşı; created name "Başbulak"; created name "Kanî Kewang"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Berenice

Berenice was a coastal city of western Cyrenaica, located at modern Benghazi in Libya. Founded in the third century BCE, it replaced the earlier Greek colony of Eusperides, which had been centered a short distance to the northeast. Berenice was named in honor of Berenice of Cyrene, the queen of Ptolemy III Euergetes.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: summary; edited; summary; update references; modified name "Berenice" (update reference); modified connection "Pentapolis" (part of regional (not administrative)); created connection "Pentapolis"; created connection "Euesperides"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Bethsaida

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 69 C4 Bethsaida?/Iulias?
Creators: E.M. Meyers; J.P. Brown
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Francis Deblauwe; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; created OSM location of El Araj
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Beycesultan

An ancient Anatolian settlement occupied from the Late Chalcolithic period through the Bronze Age.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: created connection "Walma"
Actors: Gabriel McKee; Tom Elliott

Biavana

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Biavana
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bidya

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 inset Bidya
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bīt-Adad-erība

A town mentioned in Neo-Assyrian sources that is identified with the modern site of Tell Baqqaq, a ruined settlement mound located ca. 10 km south of Gir-e pan that is now under water.
Creators: Claudia Horst
Contributors: Andrea Squitieri; Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall Baqāq; created name "Tall Baqāq"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Bykes Limne

Bykes Limne (the Putrid Lake)
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Diane Braund; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Calingi

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Calingi
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: Sprenger 1875; modified name "Calingi" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Caminacum

Caminacum was an ancient settlement of South Arabia. Its ruins, located in Yemen's Al Jawf Governorate, are known today as Kamna.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Jérémie Schiettecatte; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Caminacum" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Capeus? Sinus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 C3 Capeus? Sinus
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Perry Scalfano; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update; created Imagery location of Khalīj Tārūt; modified name "Capeus Sinus" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Capsina

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Capsina
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Caripeta

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 C3 Caripeta
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jérémie Schiettecatte; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Caripeta" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Cat(t)enates?

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 12 F4 Cat(t)enates?
Creators: H. Bender
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Michael Heubel; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; G. Moosbauer; M. Puhane; R. Talbert; Richard Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Catenates" (Latin name, reference, name type = ethnics)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Chenneseri/Chonneseri

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 unlocated Chenneseri/Chonneseri
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; modified name "Chenneseri" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Chrysas, T.

According to Cicero, the shrine of Chrysas (the god shares a name with the nearby river) was located along the road from Assorus to Henna. A cult image in marble, described as being "beautiful", was to be found there and was ultimately spared from the depredations of Caius Verres.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update summary; update references; modified name "Chrysas" (change type, add reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Church in Sidi Khiribech

Ruins of a church likely built around the fifth century AD, on the summit of the low hill of Sidi Khiribech in Berenike. The character of the building and its position has suggested to some archaeologists a defensive as well as a religious purpose.
Creators: Valeria Vitale
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott
Modifications: modified connection "Berenice" (Initial revision)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Cyrene

An ancient Greek city founded in eastern Libya ca. 630 B.C., Cyrene later became part of the Roman empire (ca. 74 B.C.). The site was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Adam Rabinowitz; Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Michelle Willoughby; Noura Alavi; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Justin Charlton; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified connection "Pentapolis" (part of regional (not administrative)); created connection "Pentapolis"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Dammam

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 C3 Dammam
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Davti-blur

Davti-blur is the Armenian name of an Urartian settlement situated on a natural hill near the modern village Nor-Armavir. Just like the settlement on the immediately adjacent hill Armavir which in Urartian was called Argištihinili ("city of Argišti") it was founded by Argišti I, son of Minua (8th century BCE). In Davti-Blur, a column base with an inscription of Argišti I was found which reports the construction of a building. Furthermore, several inscriptions on clay pithoi by Argišti have been found there which attest to the administrative activity at this place. A stone block of the Urartian king Sarduri II, son of Argišti I (8th century BCE) reveals that the place was further developed and extended by Sarduri II.
Creators: Birgit Christiansen
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: created CIGS location of Davti-Blur
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Dibba

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 inset Dibba
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; created OSM location of Dibba Al Hisn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Diospolis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 74 unlocated Diospolis
Creators: A. Bernand
Contributors: Adam Prins; Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Herbert Verreth; Jen Thum; Mark Depauw; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Diospolis" (Greek name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Donon

A sanctuary of the god Mercury in the Vosges Mountains.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Ryan Horne
Modifications: created OSM location of Temple du Donon
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

D(o)ura/Europos

An ancient settlement on the Euphrates river in modern Syria.
Creators: M. Roaf; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Anne Chen; Adam Rabinowitz; Brady Kiesling; Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Kali Kocian; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Faith Lubeck; Jeffery Mayfield; R. Talbert; Rajas Pradhan
Modifications: created name "Europos-Doura"
Actors: Anne Chen; Tom Elliott

Dur-Aššur-ketti-lešir

A town mentioned in Neo-Assyrian sources that is identified with modern Tell Bderi.
Creators: Claudia Horst
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Rune Rattenborg; Tom Elliott
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall Budayrī; created name "Tall Budayrī"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Dur-(Kuri)galzu

Dur-(Kuri)galzu was founded by the Kassite ruler Kurigalzu ca. 1400 B.C. At its peak the site covered some 225 ha.
Creators: M. Roaf; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Gabriel Mckee; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall ‘Aqarqūf; created name "Tall ‘Aqarqūf"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Durocortorum

The capital of the Remi in Gallia Belgica, now Reims.
Creators: C. Haselgrove; J. Kunow
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Egra

An ancient settlement on the east coast of the Red Sea at modern al‑Wajh (Saudi Arabia).
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; created connection "Untitled"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Enalos Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 56 unlocated Enalos? Pr.
Creators: C. Foss; G. Reger; S. Mitchell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ennavia (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 unlocated Ennavia Ins.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update title, place type, references
Actors: Tom Elliott

Ephesus/Arsinoe(ia)

Ephesus/Arsinoe(ia) was the most important ancient metropolis of Ionian Asia Minor.
Creators: C. Foss; G. Reger
Contributors: Adam Rabinowitz; Brady Kiesling; Eric Kansa; Francis Deblauwe; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Joel Michael Kent; Phoebe Acheson; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; B. Siewert-Mayer; DARMC; H. Kopp; R. Talbert; W. Röllig; jfu
Modifications: created connection "Arzawa"
Actors: Gabriel McKee; Tom Elliott

Epimaranitae?/Nareitai?

An Arab tribe mentioned only by Pliny the Elder.
Creators: M. Roaf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Brian Z. Lund; M. Joann McDaniel; Mary E. Downs; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; modified name "Epimaranitae" (type = ethnic, Latin name, Pliny reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Erebuni

Erebuni was a fortified city of the ancient kingdom of Urartu located in what is now Yerevan, Armenia.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Diane Braund; R. Talbert
Modifications: created GICS location of Arin Berd; created OSM location of Էրեբունու ամրոց; created name "Arin Berd"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Euesperides

Euesperides was the westernmost Greek colony of Cyrenaica. The remains of the site are found on the outskirts of modern Benghazi near the north Libyan coast. Under Ptolemy III Euergetes, the new city of Berenice was built a short distance southwest of Euesperides and the original site was subsequently abandoned.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: summary; create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; Zimi 2019; summary; created Imagery Location of Euesperides; created name "Hesperis"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Eurykydeion

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Eurykydeion
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Triphylia"; created connection "Samikon/Samia"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Farley Heath

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 8 G3 Farley Heath
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: add wikidata x2; update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Gallicum/Taphros Fretum

The modern Straits of Bonifacio separates the Tyrrhenian Sea from the western Mediterranean Sea. The straits measure 11 km (6.8 miles) in width.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update summary & references; modified name "Taphros Fretum" (reference added); modified name "Bocche di Bonifacio" (edited); created name "Bocche di Bonifacio"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Gattaei

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Gattaei
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update reference; modified name "Gattaei" (Latin name, reference, ctype to ethnic name)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Gedranitae?

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 B3 Gedranitae?
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; modified name "Gedranitae" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Gerraicus? Sinus

A portion of the Persian Gulf mentioned by Pliny who places it between the Sinus Capeus on the north and the Regio Attene to the south.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Perry Scalfano; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; created Imagery location of Al Jubayl Commercial Port
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Ghallah

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 inset Ghallah
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; created OSM location of Jazirat Al Ghallah
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Ghaziri

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 62 E5 Ghaziri
Creators: T. Drew Bear
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Lake Eğirdir"
Actors: Gabriel McKee; Tom Elliott

Gianola

The site of a villa associated with Lucius Vitruvius Mamurra.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Elizabeth Robinson; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Girumu

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 91 F5 Girumu
Creators: M. Roaf; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: Initial revision; created CIGS location of Tall Barguthiat
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Hali

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 84 unlocated Hali
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Diane Braund; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Halieion (mountain)

The peak of Halieion was located in the Corinthia near the border of Epidauros. Its name figures in a Hellenistic-period inscription (IG IV²,1 71) now located in Epidauros that outlines boundaries when one Aigialeos was the stratègos of the Achaians.
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: replace generic summary, add and update references; update resource - add 'mountain' to place type. edit title to convert BAtlas M. convention to (mountain); updated Connections; created connection "Corinthia"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Halieis

An ancient Greek harbor city in the Argolid (across from the modern village of Porto Cheli) that was abandoned toward the end of the fourth century BCE. Excavated remains include fortification walls (as early as the eighth century BCE), a city with an orthogonal street plan, an industrial quarter, and domestic architecture with evidence for agricultural processing. Parts of the city are now under water due to a rise in sea levels.
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Phoebe Acheson; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; update references; modified name "Halieis" (update reference); modified name "Halias" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Halios

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; modified name "Halios" (Greek name, reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Hardham

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 8 G4 Hardham
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Herakleion

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 74 C2 Herakleion
Creators: A. Bernand
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created Imagery location of Heracleion; modified name "Herakleion" (Greek name, reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Hermes, Aphrodite, T.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 E2 Hermes, Aphrodite, T.
Creators: G. Reger; J. Bennet
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: add reference; modified name "Hermes" (ctype, add reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hermion(e)

Hermion(e) was a settlement of the eastern Argolid.
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Pierre Motylewicz; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: add primary source references; McAllister 1969; modified name "Hermiónē" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Hiera Heliou Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 inset Hiera Heliou Pr.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hippos

Hippos was an ancient city that flourished between the third century B.C. and the seventh century A.D. It was abandoned following an earthquake in 749.
Creators: E.M. Meyers; J.P. Brown
Contributors: Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created OSM location of Susita
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Holmoi

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 62 unlocated Holmoi
Creators: T. Drew Bear
Contributors: Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Walma"
Actors: Gabriel McKee; Tom Elliott

House of the Vettii

The so-called House of the Vettii (VI, 15, 1) is a luxurious townhouse (domus) located in Pompeii. The house's owners in its final phase were the freedmen brothers Aulus Vettius Conviva, an Augustalis, and Aulus Vettius Restitutus. Among other features. the house is important for its Fourth Style wall paintings.
Creators: Valeria Vitale
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Iathrippa

Iathrippa was an oasis settlement along the Incense Road. From the Roman period until the advent of Islam the site was the seat of influential Iudaeo-Arabian tribes. Iathrippa would become an important center of Islam. Muhammad fled here from Mecca in 622 and the site was renamed Al-Madīna. It remained a key center until 656. It is the site of Muhammad's grave and a place of Muslim pilgrimage.
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Eric Kansa; Francis Deblauwe; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; B. Siewert-Mayer; DARMC; H. Kopp; R. Talbert; W. Röllig
Modifications: update references; modified name "Iáthrippa" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ikarion Mare

The Ikarian Sea is the southeastern part of the Aegean Sea, extending from Samos to Mykonos.
Creators: C. Foss; G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; created name "Icarium Mare"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Iken

An ancient settlement located in Sudan's Northern state. The ancient site was situated at the 2nd cataract in Wadi Halfa and contained one of the largest fortresses in Nubia. The site was inundated by the Aswan High dam hydroelectric project.
Creators: S.M. Burstein
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; D. Borough; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update summary, add wikipedia reference; update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Iloua Nesos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 unlocated Iloua Nesos
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Istriana

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Istriana
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Iturranduz Dam

Unlabeled on the Barrington Atlas, this dam is popularly known as the "Devil's Bridge."
Creators: H.S. Sivan; R.W. Mathisen; S.J. Keay
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Jean Luc PIROUX; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created OSM location of Roman dam of Ituranduz
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Jazirat al-Ghanam

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 inset Jazirat al-Ghanam
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: BAtlas uses settlement symbol; created OSM location of Jazirat Umm al Ghanam
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Jazirat Hulayla

Jazīrat al-Ḥulayla refers to an island in the Emirate of Ra's al-Khayma, United Arab Emirates that shows archaeological evidence of multi-period occupation.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: settlement (per BAtlas symbol); update summary, place type, references; created GeoNames location of Jazīrat Ḩulaylah
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Jumeirah

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 3 G4 Jumeirah
Creators: M. Roaf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Brian Z. Lund; DARMC; M. Joann McDaniel; Mary E. Downs; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; add wikipedia; created OSM location of Jumeirah Archaeological Site
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Kadara

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Kadara
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kanopikos Kolpos

Kanopikos Kolpos, the modern Abu Qir Bay, is an embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located near Alexandria in Egypt between the Rosetta mouth of the Nile River and Abu Qir. The ancient cities of Canopus, Herakleion, and Menouthis are submerged beneath its waters.
Creators: A. Bernand
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: summary; created OSM location of Bay of Abu Kir
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Kastraki of Agios Minas

An ancient fortification and associated settlement located on the Rheunikion hill, near the monastery of Euangelistrias (north of modern Aristi in Epirus).
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; added Kastrologos reference; title; cleaned up references; place type += fort; summary; contributors ++ bkiesling; created OSM Location of Kastraki of Agios Minas ; created name "Aristi"; created name "Artsista"; created name "Artista"; created name "Καστράκι Αγίου Μηνά"; created name "Agios Minas"
Actors: Tom Elliott

Kaudos (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 B3 Kaudos Ins.
Creators: G. Reger; J. Bennet
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created OSM location of Gavdos
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

‘Ketia’? Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 F2 ‘Ketia’? Pr.
Creators: G. Reger; J. Bennet
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created GeoNames location of Cape Sitia
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Kition

Kition was an ancient city founded on the southern coast of Cyprus in the thirteenth century B.C.
Creators: D. Rupp
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Carolin Johansson; Gabriel Mckee; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; created CIGS location of Kition; created name "Kition"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Korbiane

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 93 unlocated Korbiane
Creators: A. Hausleiter; M. Roaf; R. Wenke; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; P. Flensted Jensen; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Korbiane" (Greek name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Kryptos Limen

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 59 A3 Kryptos Limen
Creators: J.S. Traill
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created Imagery location of Kryptos Limen (Aegina)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Labaetia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 B2 Labaetia
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Labaetia" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Lucus Furrinae

The Lucus Furrinae or Syrian Sanctuary is a sanctuary site on the Janiculum Hill in Rome. The first known construction at the site took place during the late first century CE and it remained in use until the mid-fourth century CE.
Creators: Lex Ladge; Wenqian Liu
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Thomas Landvatter
Modifications: created name "alsos Erinnuon"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Mari(a)ba

Capital of the Sabaean kingdom.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Jérémie Schiettecatte; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert; jfu
Modifications: modified name "Mariaba" (add Greek name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Masliny

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 23 G3 Masliny
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Diane Braund; R. Talbert
Modifications: add references; update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Massicus

Mons Massicus, a mountain ridge of ancient Italy, in the territory of the Aurunci, at the border of Latium and Campania.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created OSM location of Monte Massico
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Mleiha

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 inset Mleiha
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: add Mouton 1992 to zotero library; update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Modiana?

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 83 A4 Modiana?
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: Initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Monte Abatone necropolis, Caere

A necropolis of ancient Caere with particularly important evidence of funerary assemblages showing the influence of the Orientalizing period.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: add Gilotta et al. 2022
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Monte Navone

Monte Navone rises 754 m above sea level in Sicily's Enna province. Archaeological remains of a settlement pre-dating Greek colonisation were discovered on the summit that have been correlated with the Sikel site of Hybla Erea.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Murannimal (river)

The Murannimal was a river of Arabia. Pliny the Elder speaks of it flowing from the interior of Arabia to the Persian Gulf. Potts discusses the likelihood of this now-extinct river system based on author post-ancient authors and traces in the landscape.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: summary, reference; update references; modified name "Murannimal" (Latin name, Pliny reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Myekphoris (island)

According to Herodotus, the island of Myekphoris is located opposite the city of Bubastis.
Creators: A. Bernand
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: summary, title, type, references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mykoi/Macae

An ancient people who lived on the Arabian peninsula south of the Strait of Hormuz and may have been Persian subjects.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Narraga (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 93 unlocated Narraga fl.
Creators: A. Hausleiter; M. Roaf; R. Wenke; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; P. Flensted Jensen; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Narraga" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Nicephorium/Callinicum/Leontopolis

Nicephorium (modern ar-Raqqa in Syria) was an ancient settlement on the river Euphrates in Syria.
Creators: J.P. Brown; P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: Eric Kansa; Francis Deblauwe; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; B. Siewert-Mayer; DARMC; H. Kopp; R. Talbert; R. Warner; W. Röllig; jfu
Modifications: modified connection "al-Jazirah (region)" (Create, Initial revision, Submit for review)
Actors: Gabriel McKee

Notitae

An ancient people whose territory is unlocated
Creators: A. Hausleiter; M. Roaf; R. Wenke; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; P. Flensted Jensen; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Notitae" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Numana

Numana was a settlement of ancient Picenum located south of Ancona.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; modified name "Numana" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

‘Octacuscum’

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 67 F1 ‘Octacuscum’
Creators: P.-L. Gatier; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Rob Chavez; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; M. Ballance; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: modified name "Besni" (add GeoNames reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Opous

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Organagae

An ancient people whose territory is unlocated
Creators: M.U. Erdosy
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; modified name "Organagae" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Organa/Turgana (island)

An island located near the Strait of Hormuz. Some sources suggest that Organa be equated with Lārak island, while others suggest Hormuz island.
Creators: M. Roaf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Brian Z. Lund; M. Joann McDaniel; Mary E. Downs; R. Talbert
Modifications: edited; modified name "Turgana" (update reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Orikon

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 49 B3 Orikon
Creators: J.J. Wilkes
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; update references; created OSM location of National Archaeological Park of Oricum; created name "Oricum"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Palla

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 D3 Palla
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Parlais/Col. Iulia Augusta Hadriana

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 65 E1 Parlais/Col. Iulia Augusta Hadriana
Creators: C. Foss; S. Mitchell
Contributors: Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Lake Eğirdir"
Actors: Gabriel McKee; Tom Elliott

Pegai/Antipatris/Arethousa?

Pegai/Antipatris/Arethousa? was a city built by Herod the Great and named for his father-in-law, Antipater.
Creators: B. Isaac
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Carolin Johansson; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created location "Tel Afek"; created name "Tel Afek"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Pella/Diokletianoupolis

Capital of the Kingdom of Macedonia.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Adam Rabinowitz; Brady Kiesling; Danielle Hoyer; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Danielle Hoyer; Erin Kenner; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; created OSM Location of Αρχαία Πέλλα; created name "Colonia Iulia Augusta Pella"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Pentapolis

A regional designation: the "five cities" of western Cyrenaica.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Michael Heubel; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert; Richard Talbert
Modifications: summary; place type corrected: this was a region; not a people/tribe
Actors: Tom Elliott

Pitru

A town mentioned in Neo-Assyrian sources; it is generally identified with Aušur ar-Rafi'a (Tell Aušerīya).
Creators: Claudia Horst
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: Change type wiki data; created CIGS location of Tall ‘Aushariyah; created name "Tall ‘Aushariyah"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Podalia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 65 D4 Podalia
Creators: C. Foss; S. Mitchell
Contributors: Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created name "Buyuksoyle"; created name "Sogle"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Poliasion

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Poliasion
Creators: G. Reger; J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Poliasion" (add Greek name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Polites, T.

A heroon located near Temesa that, according to Strabo, was dedicated to Polites, one of the companions of Odysseus.
Creators: A.M. Small; I.E.M. Edlund Berry
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created name "heroon Politou"; created connection "Temesa/Tempsa"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Polizzello

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 47 D3 Polizzello
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; created OSM location of Area Archeologica di Polizzello
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Ponte Fratto

The remains of a late Republican bridge near Benevento (in Località Serretelle).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: add vici.org 80431: Ponte Fratto
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Porolissum

Porolissum was a Roman city in Dacia established in A.D. 106. It became the capital of Dacia Porolissensis in A.D. 124.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: add topostext, update references; created OSM location of Castrum Porolissum
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Porticus Liviae

A complex dedicated in honor of Livia Drusilla in 7 BCE on the Esquiline Hill. The complex was erected on the site of the former estate of Vedius Pollio.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: place created; Create; modified name "porticus Liuiae" (Create, name); modified connection "Regio III (Isis et Serapis)" (cnxn, Create); modified connection "Roma" (cnxn, Create)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Prostanna

A city of Pisidia, the site of Prostanna is located near modern Eğridir in Turkey in a saddle between the peak of Sivri Tepe and the main body of Davras Daği. Prostanna is mentioned in two literary sources (Ptolemy 5.5.7 and a listing of of bishops attending the Council of Constantinople in 381). The name is also attested in an inscription from Delos that dates ca. 113 B.C.
Creators: C. Foss; S. Mitchell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Liv Mariah Yarrow; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Lake Eğirdir"
Actors: Gabriel McKee; Tom Elliott

Ptolemais/Barkes Limen

An ancient capital of Cyrenaica, Ptolemais was probably named after Ptolemy III Euergetes. The city was founded in either the seventh or sixth century BC.
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified connection "Pentapolis" (part of regional (not administrative))
Actors: Tom Elliott

Pyrgi

Pyrgi is an ancient Etruscan port city on the Tyrrhenian coast of Italy. A Roman colony was established at the site by 191 B.C. In 1964 the bi-lingual 'Pyrgi Plaques' were discovered during the course of excavations.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Pyrgoi" (time period); created name "Pyrgoi"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Rastia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 63 unlocated Rastia
Creators: S. Mitchell
Contributors: Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Trokmoi"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Ravana/Rouana

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Ravana/Rouana
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman amphitheater of Beneventum

The Roman amphitheater of Beneventum dates to the reign of the emperor Nero.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: update references, add wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater at Benevento

A Roman theater of the second century A.D. constructed during the reign of Hadrian.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: add geonames
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sacer Mons

Sacer Mons is a hill on the banks of the Anio river and is connected, traditionally, with the episode of the secession of the Roman plebs of 494 BC.
Creators: L. Quilici; S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Sacer Mons" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Sagiatta/Sagitta/Sagitha

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 4 unlocated Sagi(a)tta/Sagitha
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; update; modified name "Sagiatta" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Sanctuary of Apollo at Halieis

The Sanctuary of Apollo at Halieis is a temple complex dedicated primarily to Apollo, constructed outside of the city of Halieis and dating between the seventh and fourth centuries BCE.
Creators: Griffin Hancock; Hattie Dalzell
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Thomas Landvatter
Modifications: update references; modified name "Sanctuary of Apollo at Halieis" (edited)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Santa Sofia

A Longobard church in Benevento, Italy, listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: update place type, add wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

San Teodoro al Palatino

A church on the Palatine Hill in Rome sacred to Saint Theodore of Amasea dating originally to the sixth century AD.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: add wikidata, geonames
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sanxay

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 14 E2 Sanxay
Creators: H.S. Sivan; R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sarkoe

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 95 unlocated Sarkoe
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Shadikanni/Ar(a)ban/(H)Oraba?/*Castellum Arabum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 89 C4 Shadikanni/Ar(a)ban/(H)Oraba?/*Castellum Arabum
Creators: M. Roaf; S.E. Kroll; St J. Simpson; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Claudia Horst; Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall ‘Ajājah; created name "Tall ‘Ajājah"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Skamneli

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 54 C2 Skamneli
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: create DARMC citation to preserve cross-project linkage after retracting DARMC location; created location "GPS Coordinates (inside small fort)"
Actors: Tom Elliott

So-called Area A in Berenike

Ruins of a Hellenistic courtyard house (possibly connected to the adjacent building, known as Area X) in the archaeological site of Sidi Khiribech in Berenike (modern Benghazi).
Creators: Valeria Vitale
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: modified connection "Berenice" (Initial revision)
Actors: Tom Elliott

So-called Area H in Berenike

The ruins of a house of the early Roman period at the archaeological site of Sidi Khiribech, in Berenike. The house had a courtyard with a peristyle. Some of the internal walls were decorated with frescoes representing the Muses.
Creators: Valeria Vitale
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: modified connection "Berenice" (Initial revision)
Actors: Tom Elliott

So-called Area L in Berenike

The ruins of an ancient building with a large peristyle, probably built around the second century AD, in the southwest area of the archaeological site of Sidi Khiribech, in Berenike (modern Banghazi).
Creators: Valeria Vitale
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: modified connection "Berenice" (Initial revision)
Actors: Tom Elliott

So-called Area X in Berenike

The ruins of a small building (possibly first century AD) with a shrine, in the archaeological site of Sidi Khiribech, in Berenike. According to some archaeologists, it might have been connected to the adjacent Area A, and constitute together a single unit. In other interpretations, it is an independent sacred space.
Creators: Valeria Vitale
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: modified connection "Berenice" (Initial revision)
Actors: Tom Elliott

Stonea

Stonea, also referred to as Stonea Iron Age Camp, is located near March in the Cambridgeshire Fens in eastern England. Occupation of the hill fort begins ca. 500 BCE. Roman activity could be related to a military engagement in 47 CE mentioned by Tacitus. This engagement was between the Iceni tribe and Roman auxiliaries commanded by Ostorius Scapula.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: update summary, add Tacitus reference; add Potter, et al. 1981
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Talamone

Located along the road from Talamone to Cannelle are the archaeological remains of one of the largest maritime villas known in the Albegna valley. Referred to colloquially as Villa le Terme at Santa Francesca di Talamone, the remains of this site can be divided into four sectors: the cistern, in a locality referred to as "Le Tombe", the villa platform (basis villae) and core of the villa referred to as "Le Terme", the cistern in an area known as "Santa Francesca", and the remains of poorly preserved outbuildings.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: updated Names; vici.org; reference Carandini 2002 added; edited; add summary; created name "Santa Francesca di Talamone - Villa le Terme"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Tall Bāzy

Archaeological site on the eastern bank of the Euphrates in northern Syria. The site contains a town dated to the Early Bronze Age III-IVA (mid-3rd millennium BCE), as well as a Roman sanctuary used only briefly from about the late 1st-late 2nd century CE. The western part of the site was flooded by the construction of the Tischrin Dam in 1999. Tall Bazi and the nearby site of Banat have been tentatively identified as the city of Armi/Armium mentioned in texts from Ebla.
Creators: Gabriel Mckee
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg; Tom Elliott
Modifications: references (cjohansson); title; place type += fort; combined redundant wikidata entries; created CIGS location of Tall Bāzy; created name "Tall Bāzy"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Tall Bāzy

Early to late bronze age town and citadel, ancient name was probably Armium or Armanum.
Creators: Carolin Johansson; Rune Rattenborg
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: Send back; Submit for review; edited; Initial revision; Create; modified OSM location of Tall Bazi (Create, Submit for review, Location from OSM created by Products.PleiadesEntity.browser.osm.OSMLocationFactory, Initial revision, Send back)
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Tannetum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 39 G4 Tannetum
Creators: M. Pearce; P. Tozzi
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tarracina(e)/Anxur

A strategic Volscian city that had come under Roman control by 509 B.C.; a Roman citizen colony was established there in 329 B.C. The site is particularly notable for the remains of the terraced sanctuary of Iuppiter Anxur.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: modified name "Tarracinae" (Baseline created, add Latin name, Livy ref.); modified name "Tarracina" (update Mela reference); modified name "Anxyr" (Reference, Latin name, Baseline created); created name "Terracina"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Tell Abu Salabikh

Tell Abu Salabikh was the site of a small Sumerian city of the third millennium BC.
Creators: A. Hausleiter; M. Roaf; R. Wenke; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Eric Kansa; Francis Deblauwe; Jeffrey Becker; Jamie Novotny; Rune Rattenborg; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; B. Siewert-Mayer; DARMC; H. Kopp; P. Flensted Jensen; R. Talbert; W. Röllig
Modifications: created CIGS location of Tall Abū Ṣālabīkh; created name "Tall Abū Ṣālabīkh"
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Tom Elliott

Teredon/Diridotis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 93 unlocated Teredon/Diridotis
Creators: A. Hausleiter; M. Roaf; R. Wenke; St J. Simpson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; P. Flensted Jensen; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references; created name "Teredonos"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Theater at Bodrum

The Theater at Bodrum is dedicated to Ares.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott
Contributors: Sean Gillies
Modifications: add wikipedia
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thmouis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 74 F3 Thmouis
Creators: A. Bernand
Contributors: Adam Prins; Brady Kiesling; Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; Herbert Verreth; Jen Thum; Mark Depauw; R. Talbert
Modifications: add 2 x references; update references; modified name "Thmouis" (Greek name, reference, Baseline created); modified name "Tell Timai" (add language (Arabic), add reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Thyssegetae

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 84 unlocated Thyssegetae
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; Diane Braund; R. Talbert
Modifications: add place type; update references; update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Totternhoe Roman Villa

This Roman courtyard villa that yielded ceramics dating to the 4th century CE was located on what is now Church Farm in Totternhoe (Central Bedfordshire, England). The survey and excavations were published in the 1950s; the site was backfilled after excavation and the villa's remains are no longer visible.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Touxion

Touxion was a Samnite metropolis that is referred to in several obscure texts. It is linked to the career of Fabius Fabricianus, a kinsman of Fabius Maximus, who is said to have sacked the city and carried off to Rome as plunder the statue of Aphrodite Nikephoros (a.k.a. Venus Victrix). The location of Touxion is uncertain. Torelli speculates that it may have been conquered in the campaigns of 292-1 B.C. along with Cominium and Venusium. Smith notes the Oresteia-like parallels in this narrative.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: edited; modified name "Touxion" (reference, Greek name)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Trasamuc Pagus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 unlocated ‘Trasamuc’ Pagus
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Trisanton (river)

The modern river Arun, which drains into the English Channel between modern Portsmouth and Brighton.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert; R. Warner
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tucianus Pagus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 unlocated Tucianus Pagus
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tutienses cf. Tutia/Tutienses

"Tutienses" refers to an ancient tribe of Latium included in Pliny's geographical accounting of Roman Italy. In compiling this entry for the Barrington Atlas, N. Purcell has indicated that reference also be made to the toponym "Tutia fl.", a river discussed by Livy in the twenty-sixth book of his history. During the Second Punic War Hannibal realized that his chances of capturing the city of Rome herself were dwindling. At that point, Hannibal moved his camp back to the river Tutia, located 6 miles from the city (sex milia passuum ab urbe). Hannibal proceeded from that point to the grove of Feronia located at the foot of Mt. Soracte in South Etruria.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: edited; Gell 1834; summary; add Livy ref.; RE Tutia; update references; update reference; modified name "Tutienses" (Latin name, reference)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Tylos (island)

Tylos is the ancient name for Bahrain, renowned in antiquity as a center of pearl trading.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Michael Heubel; Ryan Horne; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert; Richard Talbert
Modifications: created name "Tyros"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Umm Dalfa

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 78 D4 Umm Dalfa
Creators: S.E. Sidebotham
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Umm el-Qa'ab

A necropolis at Abydos, Egypt, with royal tombs from the Pre-dynastic period as well as from the Early Dynastic (First and Second dynasties) period.
Creators: Zachary Rosalinsky
Contributors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Rune Rattenborg
Modifications: created CIGS location of Abīdūs
Actors: Carolin Johansson; Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Umm Hayatat

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 78 D4 Umm Hayatat
Creators: S.E. Sidebotham
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Umm Lajj

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 83 C6 Umm Lajj
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Umm Rihan

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 69 B5 Umm Rihan
Creators: E.M. Meyers; J.P. Brown
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: created OSM location of Umm ar-Rihan
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Umm Ubtulah

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 71 B4 Umm Ubtulah
Creators: S.T. Parker
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

Unnamed route or road
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

Unnamed route or road
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vescia

Vescia was a city of the Ausones that is now unlocated. It became involved in the Latin War and Rome destroyed the city in 314 B.C.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: created connection "Massicus"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

Zeus Panhellenios sanctuary (Aegina)

An oracular mountaintop sanctuary of Zeus on the island of Aegina.
Creators: J.S. Traill
Contributors: Brady Kiesling; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: title; update references; updated Connections, Locations. merged with resources from unintentional duplicate place.; summary, contrbutors; created OSM location of Sanctuary of Zeus (Pan)Hellenios; modified name "Zeus Panhellenios" (ctype, add reference); created connection "Aegina (island)"; created connection "Panhellenios (mountain)"
Actors: Jeffrey Becker; Tom Elliott

*Zolocerta/‘Coloceia’

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 89 G1 *Zolocerta/‘Coloceia’
Creators: M. Roaf; S.E. Kroll; St J. Simpson; T. Sinclair
Contributors: Johan Åhlfeldt; Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; DARMC; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Zotha L.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 6 unlocated Zotha L.
Creators: M.U. Erdosy
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Zygere

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 22 unlocated Zygere
Creators: A.G. Poulter
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker; Sean Gillies; Tom Elliott; R. Talbert
Modifications: Pliny reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker