Pleiades Change Log: 2013-01-01 - 2013-01-31

Amphitheater of Alba Fucens

A first century A.D. amphitheater at Alba Fucens built during the reign of Tiberius.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:

Arch of the Sergii

A Roman triumphal arch at Pula commemorating Lucius Sergius Lepidus and the family of the Sergii for service at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Arch of Trajan at Benevento

A triumphal arch built in honor of Trajan at Beneventum; it marks the Trajanic extension of the Via Appia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:

Auchinhove camp

A temporary Roman camp of Flavian date.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Basiluzzo

An islet that is part of the Aeolian Islands.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Braca Mons

A mountain on the northwest coast of Africa mentioned by the Elder Pliny that is probably to be identified with the western slopes of the Atlas range.
Creators: Ryan M. Horne
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Caerleon Roman amphitheatre

Amphitheatre of the legionary fortress at Caerleon
Creators: Tom Elliott, Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors:

Canaria? (island)

Canaria? (Gran Canaria) is an island of the Canary Islands archipelago.
Creators: Ryan M. Horne
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Church of St. Peter

A twelfth century AD Christian church built atop the remains of a Roman temple of Apollo.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:

City walls of Sabucina

The fortification walls of the Classical city.
Creators: Adam Rabinowitz
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Coddu Vecchiu

A Bronze Age megalithic gallery grave on Sardinia that belongs to the "giants' tomb" classification.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Cricklade

Modern day site of a Romano-British settlement in Wiltshire dating from first to fourth centuries A.D.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Cuccuru Nuraxi

A nuragic site near Cagliari, Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Domus de Janas on Monte Crobu

A prehistoric chamber tomb of the third millennium B.C. The 'Domus de Janas' tombs are typical of the Ozieri and Beaker cultures and are found chiefly on Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Ryan M. Horne

Doric temple of Segesta

The Doric temple of Segesta is an incomplete (6 x 14) temple of the Doric order begun in the 420s B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:

Dunning camp

Temporary Roman camp of Flavian date
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors:

Farfa Abbey

A Benedictine abbey located ca. 60 km from Rome.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Fortunatae Insulae (Canary Islands)

The "Blessed Islands", equivalent in most ancient literature to the modern Canary Islands (Islas Canarias).
Creators: Ryan M. Horne
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Fortunatae Insulae? (Madeira Islands)

The modern, Portugeuse archipelago of Madeira seems to have been identified by some ancient authors with the "Fortunatae Insulae" or "Blessed Islands".
Creators: R. Talbert, Brian Z. Lund, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, M. Euzennat, Ryan M. Horne, Tom Elliott, J. Desanges

Greek theater of Segesta

Remains of a Greek theater at Segesta that was first built in the first half of the third century B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:

Hosios Loukas

A tenth century walled monastery in Boeotia, Greece.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Kerameikos

A district of ancient Athens located northwest of the Acropolis, the Kerameikos takes its name from the potters' workshops in the area; the portion of the district lying outside the Dipylon Gate served as a necropolis.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott

Kolonos Agoraios

The hill flanking the Athenian Agora to the west, site of the Doric temple of Hephaestus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott

Komaros Limen

A harbor near Actium.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott

Kothon

The Kothon harbor is an artificial port basin of the Punic phase of the island, dating to the sixth century B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:

Lago di Castiglione

An ancient caldera lake near Gabii (ancient name unknown) that has been drained and filled in modern times.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Leukata(s) Pr./Leukas Petra

A promontory at the southwest shoreline of Leucas
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Logie Durno camp

Temporary Roman marching camp
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Mausoleum of Helena

An ancient tomb located on the ancient Via Labicana (now along the Via Casilina) that was built by Constantine I and used as the tomb for his mother, Helena.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Monte Falterona

A peak of the Tuscan-Romagnolo Apennines, rising to 1,654 m. above sea level, Monte Falterona is the source of the Arno river and shows evidence of Etruscan occupation.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Monte Testaccio

An artificial mountain on the banks of the Tiber river at Rome composed of 580,000 cubic meters of broken amphorae.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Mount Fumaiolo

A mountain of the northern Apennines (elevation 1,408 m; 4,619 ft) from which the Tiber River originates.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Mount Nebo

A mountain in Jordan rising to ca. 817 meters (2680 feet) above sea level, Mount Nebo is connected with the Hebrew prophet Moses and a Christian site (4th century AD) stands on its summit.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nea Moni

An eleventh century monastery on Chios built by Constantine IX Monomachos. The site was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1990.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Ninguaria (island)

Known today as Tenerife, this is the largest of the Canary islands.
Creators: Ryan M. Horne
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Albucciu

A nuragic village dating ca. 1600 BC.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Arrubiu

A Middle Bronze Age nuragic site (ca. 1500 BC) near Cagliari, Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Bruncu Maduli o Bruncu Madugui

A Middle Bronze Age nuraghe and a proto-nuragic village located on the plain known as Giara di Gestur.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Corbos

A Middle Bronze Age nuragic monument in Silanus, Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe la Prisciona

A nuragic site of northeast Sardinia, occupied from the fourteenth until the ninth century BC. At its height the complex covers ca. five hectares.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Lugherras

A nuragic site of the Middle Bronze Age near Oristano, Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Nuraddeo

A Middle Bronze Age nuragic site with a central tower standing ca. 14 m. tall near Suni, Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Orolio

A nuragic monument near Silanus, Sardinia, constructed primarily of granite and rising to a height of ca. 12 m and dating to the Middle to Late Bronze Age (seventeenth to ninth centuries BC).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Palmavera

A site near Alghero, Sardinia, belonging to the first nuragic phase (fifteenth and fourteenth centuries BC).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Ruju

A hilltop nuragic complex with a central tholos tower dating to the Middle and Final Bronze Age (1600-1000 BC).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Santa Barbara

A nuragic site located on Monte Manai in Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Santa Sarbana

A nuragic complex in Silanus, Sardinia, dating to the period ca. 1500-1000 BC.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Sant'Imbenia

A nuragic complex near Alghero, Sardinia, composed of a main, central tower flanked by two minor towers and a bastion, and surrounded by a village. The complex dates from the Middle Bronze Age onwards.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe S. Cadrina

A nuragic village of the Middle Bronze Age (ca. 1700-1350 BC), Nuraghe S. Cadrina has a central tower with an original diameter of 11.70 m.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Su Casteddu

Nuraghe Su Casteddu is a trilobate nuraghe in Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Nuraghe Su Valsu

A Middle Bronze Age nuraghe located southwest of Florinas in Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Phylakopi

A major Bronze Age settlement on Melos with evidence for continuous occupation from the third millennium BC until the twelfth century BC, Phylakopi provides important information about the Cycladic civilization.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Pian di Civita, Tarquinii

The Pian di Civita was the ancient urban area of Tarquinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Porta Romanelli

A section of ashlar masonry fortification walls, including a gate, at Tarquinii.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Prestatyn

The modern-day site of a Romano-British settlement dating from first and second centuries A.D.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Pyramid of Cestius

An ancient pyramid-shaped tomb built for Caius Cestius (ca. 18-12 BC), a magistrate and member of the Septemviri Epulonum. The tomb stands at the fork of the ancient Via Ostiensis and was later incorporated into the city's fortifications.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Pythagoreion

An ancient fortified port on Samos.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Raedykes camp

A temporary Roman marching camp.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater at Nicopolis

The Roman theater at Nicopolis incorporates both Greek and Roman architectural practices in its construction.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

San Pietro a Badia Pozzeveri

An abbey with tenth century origins connected to the pilgrimage route known as the Via Francigena.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Sawtry

Modern day site of a Roman-British settlement dating from the second to fourth centuries AD.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Sep. Eurysacis

The tomb of a baker, M. Vergilius Eurysaces, built at the point where the via Labicana and the via Praenestina exit from Rome's walls to the east. The tomb dates to the later Republican period (ca. 50-20 B.C.).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott

Tiber Island

An island in the Tiber River at the site of Rome.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling

Tino (island)

An island in the Ligurian Sea designated as part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Tino is connected with the life of the seventh century AD Christian Saint Venerius.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Treasury of Atreus

A Bronze Age tholos tomb with a corbeled dome and monumental ashlar facade on the Panagitsa Hill at Mycenae.
Creators: Tom Elliott, April Kissinger, Eric Shea, Chelsea Lee, Sterling Wright
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Adam Rabinowitz

Tunnel of Eupalinos

A sixth century B.C. aqueduct on Samos, the Tunnel of Eupalinos is an amphistomon, meaning it was excavated simultaneously from each terminus. The tunnel measures 1,036 m in length.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling

Tuscan Archipelago

A chain of islands between the Ligurian Sea and Tyrrhenian Sea.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Ulucak

An ancient settlement mound located 25 km west of İzmir with occupation ranging from the Early Neolithic to Late Roman and Early Byzantine periods.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Gabriel McKee, Ryan M. Horne

Villa of Horace

The archaeological remains of a villa near Licenza, Italy, that are traditionally connected with the Latin poet Horace.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Acqua Acetosa

A settlement along the Via Laurentina that has yielded significant evidence for protohistoric occupation, including funereal evidence of the eighth and seventh centuries B.C.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ad Duas Lauros

The toponym 'Ad Duas Lauros' refers to a large imperial property at the third mile of the Via Labicana and today comprised of the archaeological park of Centocelle. The site is mentioned in the Liber Pontificalis as that of a large imperial villa in which Helena, mother of Constantine I, lived. Archaeological work conducted in the late 1990s identified the remains of substantial Republican period villas in the same area, with evidence of both elite dwellings and viticulture. The villas identified are the Villa della Piscina and the Villa Ad Duas Lauros.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Adrion (mountain)

Dinara.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ad Villam Serviliana

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 31 unlocated Ad Villam Serviliana
Creators: E.W.B. Fentress
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aecae

An ancient town of Apulia that in legend was reported to have been founded by Diomedes. In the third century B.C. the Roman general Quintus Fabius Maximus captured the town after the battle of Cannae.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aegaeum Mare

The Aegean Sea is the largest body of water between Greece and Asia Minor and an embayment of the Mediterranean Sea.
Creators: Classical Atlas Project Office, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aegates (islands)

The Egadi Islands, a small group of mountainous islands northwest of Sicily.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references and connection; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aenaria/Pithekoussai (island)

Aenaria/Pithekoussai Ins. (modern Ischia) is a volcanic island located in the northern part of the Bay of Naples.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added reference; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aeoliae (islands)

A volcanic archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea composed of eight islands.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aethusa (island)

One of the Pelagie Islands in the Mediterranean Sea, used as a naval base by the Romans during the Punic Wars.
Creators: R. Talbert, Brian Z. Lund, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aga Mons

A 3,246 meter mountain at the NE end of the Antitaurus range.
Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: add refs, a connections, new title and description; new location from geonames
Actors: Sean Gillies

Aigaleon (mountain)

Aigaleon.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aigaleos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 59 B2 Aigaleos
Creators: J.S. Traill
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aigithallos Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 47 A3 Aigithallos Pr.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aigousa (island)

Aigousa Ins. - meaning 'goat island' - is an island west of Sicily that was the scene of a major naval engagement of the First Punic War.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Valeria Vitale, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, R. Talbert, Jonathan Prag
Modifications: added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ainos (mountain)

Ainos, formerly Megalo Vouno.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

'Akkaz

Formerly an island but now part of the harbor infrastructure of Kuwait City: Shuwaikh Port.
Creators: A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, St J. Simpson, R. Wenke
Contributors: DARMC, Sean Gillies, Francis Deblauwe, P. Flensted Jensen, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Akrothooi

An ancient settlement on the Athos/Akte peninsula.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, G. Reger, R. Talbert
Modifications: added references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Alba Longa?

Alba Longa, located in the Alban Hills southeast of Rome, was the chief city and founder of the Latin League. Conflict with Rome caused Alba's destruction in the seventh century B.C. The legendary history of Romulus and Remus connects them to the royal lineage of the city.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Albanus L.

A volcanic lake in ancient Latium at the foot of Albanus Mons, Albanus Lacus (Alban Lake) is connected with the site of the city of Alba Longa and, later, with imperial properties of the Flavian house.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Albanus M.

The second highest summit of the Alban Hills, Mons Albanus is an extinct volcano with an elevation of 950 m (3,117 ft). In the middle of the first millennium B.C. there may have been volcanic activity as noted by the historian Livy. The mountain was sacred for Latin peoples who held important festivals there and a major shrine to Iuppiter Latiaris stands on the mountain top.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, John Muccigrosso, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Albius (mountain)

Albius M. (modern Snežnik) is a karst limestone plateau.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Alsietinus lacus

The Alsietinus lacus, modern Lago di Martignano, is a small volcanic crater-lake in southern Etruria. The lake was the source of the Augustan aqueduct aqua Augusta Alsietina that served non-potable water to the Transtiberim and Ianiculum.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Altıntepe

A Urartian settlement on a hill overlooking the Euphrates River
Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Francis Deblauwe, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created
Actors: Francis Deblauwe

Alyz(e)ia

A city located on the west coast of Acarnania, close to modern Kandila.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited description and added references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Amanikai Pylai/Ciliciae Portae

A pass through through the Taurus Mountains, the modern Karanlik Kapi.
Creators: T. Sinclair, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: DARMC, M. Ballance, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ambracius Sinus

Ambracius Sinus (Ambracian Gulf)
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Amorgos (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 61 B4 Amorgos Ins.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Anactorium

A city founded by Corinth in the seventh century B.C. on the gulf of Ambracia.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: DARMC, Pierre Motylewicz, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

An area of centuriation north of Luceria

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 B1 unnamed centuriation (N Luceria)
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited title, added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

An area of centuriation south of Ergitium

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 B1 unnamed centuriation (S Ergitium)
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited title, added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Anchialus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 22 E6 Anchialus
Creators: A.G. Poulter
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Andros (island)

The northernmost island of the Cyclades.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Stuart Dunn, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Antirrhion Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 55 B4 Antirrhion Pr.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: R. Talbert, Stuart Dunn, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Antitaurus Mons

A mountain range of SE Turkey, extending N of the Taurus mountains.
Creators: T.B. Mitford
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, R. Talbert, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: fix formatting error in details; note deduplication and redirection.; retitle, improve description, add reference
Actors: Sean Gillies

An unnamed quarry on Ilva

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 41 C4 unnamed quarry (Ilva)
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Apollo et Nymphae Nitrodes, T.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 E4 Apollo et Nymphae Nitrodes, T.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aponus

An ancient thermal site known as Aponi fons or Aquae Patavinae.
Creators: M. Pearce, R. Peretto, P. Tozzi
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ap(p)enninus M.

The Apennine Mountains extend ca. 1,200 km (750 miles) along the length of peninsular Italy.
Creators: Mary E. Downs, Brian Z. Lund, R. Talbert, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

*Aprutium

An ancient region of eastern Italy (modern Abruzzo).
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aqua Appia

The earliest of Rome's aqueducts, the Aqua Appia was constructed in 312 BC by the censor Appius Claudius Caecus. The aqueduct runs a course of 16.4 km, entering Rome at the Porta Maggiore. Frontinus estimated the daily volume at 75,537 cubic meters.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Araxos

Cape Araxos separates the Gulf of Patras from the Ionian Sea.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Stuart Dunn, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arch of Trajan at Benevento

A triumphal arch built in honor of Trajan at Beneventum; it marks the Trajanic extension of the Via Appia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arctonnesos Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 B4 Arctonnesos Ins.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Stuart Dunn, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added connection; added location; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Argaeus (mountain)

Erciyes Dağı in Turkish. A massive volcanic mountain, the highest peak of the Antitaurus range. Commonly depicted on coins from Cappadocia.
Creators: T.B. Mitford
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: add link to coin's web page; add ocre ref; add refs, a connections, new title and description; change the coin to one suggested by andrew meadows; edited
Actors: Sean Gillies

Arg(ai)os Mons

Mount Hasan, Hasan Dağı in Turkish, is an inactive stratovolcano and the second highest peak in Anatolia.
Creators: S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: add refs, a connections, new title and description; new location from geonames
Actors: Sean Gillies

Argentarius (mountain)

A promontory stretching towards the Tyrrhenian Sea in correspondence of the two southernmost islands of the Tuscan Archipelago.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Argolicus Sinus

A gulf on the east of the Peloponnese that opens into the Aegean Sea.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arnus (river)

The Arno river flows from its origin at Mount Falterona to the Marina di Pisa where it empties into the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and cnnxn; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Artake Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 B4 Artake Ins.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Artemis Brauronia

A sacred site in Attica dedicated to Artemis Brauronia. The sanctuary is active from the Middle Bronze Age period, although a gap in activity stretches from the Final Bronze Age to the eighth century B.C.
Creators: J.S. Traill
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Artemisia/Dianium (island)

A small island of the Tuscan Archipelago.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Asteria (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 54 C5 Asteria Ins.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Athenae

A major Greek city-state and the principal city of Attika. Modern Athens in Greece.
Creators: J.S. Traill
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Chelsea Lee, Jeffrey Becker, Rachaelle L Browning, DARMC, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Alec Mitchell, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott, Pierre Motylewicz, April Kissinger, Eric Shea, Ryan M. Horne, Sterling Wright
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Atlas Mon(te)s

A major mountain range, located in northwest Africa (primarily modern Morocco).
Creators: Mary E. Downs, Brian Z. Lund, R. Talbert, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: description; initial revision; linestring location; title
Actors: Tom Elliott

Augustobona

Augustobona Tricassium stood at a key highway hub on the Via Agrippa.
Creators: C. Haselgrove, J. Kunow
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Avernus L.

A volcanic crater lake located in the Phlegraean Fields, Lake Avernus served a major ritual role for ancient Romans and Greeks as they viewed it as an entrance to Hades.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Baiae

A Roman seaside community on the Bay of Naples that included thermal springs.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Barnous (mountain)

Mt. Voras Kaimatsala.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Belgica (province)

The Roman province also called Gallia Belgica.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes, S.T. Parker, R.S. Bagnall, W.V. Harris, A.S. Esmonde-Cleary, C.M. Wells, J.F. Drinkwater, R.C. Knapp, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Brian Z. Lund, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, M. Joann McDaniel, Jeffrey Becker, Mary E. Downs, Tom Elliott
Modifications: add smith reference and connection
Actors: Sean Gillies

Belvedere Marittimo

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 46 C2 Belvedere Marittimo
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Besbikos Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 D3 Besbikos Ins.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bistonis L.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 51 E2 Bistonis L.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: G. Reger, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Boeotia

A region of central Greece inhabited since prehistoric times.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: Pierre Motylewicz, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Boi(i)

A later Iron Age Gallic tribe, the Boii enter Italy as part of the 'Gallic Invasion' of Italy in 390 BC. They made the Etruscan city of Felsina their new capital, Bononia (Bologna). The Romans defeated them decisively at Mutina.
Creators: M. Pearce, R. Peretto, P. Tozzi
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connections; edited description; removed extraneous newline character in description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Bora/Bermion M.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 50 A3 Bora/Bermion M.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bosphorus

A strait that forms part of the boundary between Europe and Asia.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bovillae

A town of ancient Latium along the line of the Via Appia, Bovillae is traditionally considered to be a colony of Alba Longa and was one of the thirty cities of the Latin League.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Breuni

An ancient Alpine people whose territory included the Eisacktal valley.
Creators: H. Bender
Contributors: G. Moosbauer, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, M. Puhane, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bridge of Mantible

The Bridge of Mantible (also known as Puente de Mantible) crosses the Ebro river northwest of Vareia. It is a Roman segmental arch bridge that likely dates to the second century AD.
Creators: H.S. Sivan, S.J. Keay, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bridge on Via Cassia near *Volsinii Veteres

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 C3
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited; edited name, description, added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bruttii

An ancient Italic people of extreme southern Italy, the Bruttii inhabited an area that roughly corresponds to the modern Calabria.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cala Maestra

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 41 E5 Cala Maestra
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Campi Phlegraei

The Campi Phlegraei (Phlegraean Fields) is a large caldera (13 km wide) in the Bay of Naples region of Italy. In total, the the area comprises 24 craters, although a good portion of the caldera now lies under water. The area was important in Greek and Roman times; the Greeks established their first mainland colony at Cumae within the Campi Phlegraei.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Canaria? (island)

Canaria? (Gran Canaria) is an island of the Canary Islands archipelago.
Creators: Ryan M. Horne
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Ryan M. Horne

Candaviae M.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 49 C2 Candaviae M.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cannae

An ancient settlement of Apulia on the Aufidus river. Nearby the Roman army suffered a major defeat at the hands of the Carthaginians in 216 B.C. during the Second Punic War.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Canusium

A center of the ancient Daunians, Canusium became allied to Rome in 318 B.C. It received municipal status in 88 B.C.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Caprasia (island)

The north-westernmost of the seven islands of the Tuscan Archipelago.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Capreae

Settlement on the island of Capreae.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Capreae (island)

An island of the Bay of Naples off the Sorrentine Peninsula that has, since the time of the Roman Republic, been a popular seaside resort area. The emperor Tiberius maintained twelve villas on the island.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added reference; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Capua

An important ancient city of Campania with Villanovan and Etruscan origins.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, Wade Tuttle, R. Talbert, Jonathan Fu
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Carbia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 A2 Carbia
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Carpow

Multi-period site consisting of two Roman temporary camps and a later legionary fortress. The first camp is thought to be from the Flavian period, while the fortress is of Severan date. Cited: BAtlas 9 D4 Carpow
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Scott Vanderbilt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created; initial revision
Actors: Scott Vanderbilt

Casal Rotondo

A Roman tomb that supports a Medieval farmhouse (casale) at the sixth mile of the Via Appia. The tomb originally dates ca. 30 BC; it was a large, circular tomb with a diameter of approximately 35 m.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Ryan M. Horne, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Castrum Minervae/Athenaion/Limen Aphrodites

An ancient settlement of the Sallentini in Apulia. Legendary history held that this was the spot where Aeneas first landed in Italy, thus the assignation 'Limen Aphrodites' or 'Portus Veneris'.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cebenna Mons

An ancient mountain range, attested in Caesar and Strabo, roughly coincident with the modern Cévennes in France, which inherited the name.
Creators: E. Bertrand
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Ryan M. Horne, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; initial revision; locations, description; new location
Actors: Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott

Cephallania (island)

The largest of the Ionian islands.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection; added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chalastra

A city at the mouth of the Axius river.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chalybes

The Chalybes or Chaldoi were an ancient people inhabiting Pontus and Cappadocia in Asia Minor.
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; edited description, type and added references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chelonatas Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 A2 Chelonatas Pr.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Stuart Dunn, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chios (island)

Chios is the fifth largest of the Greek islands.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Choirades Nesoi

A small archipelago composed of two islands - San Pietro and San Paolo - in the gulf of Taranto.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ciccotti, S. Gilio

A first century BC Roman villa in Basilicata.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ciminius (lake)

A caldera lake of northern Latium.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ciminius (mountain)

A volcanic massif rising 1053 meters above sea level; the modern Monte Cimino.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Colle Plinio

A hilltop villa near Tifernum Tiberinum commonly associated with one of the villas of Pliny the Younger.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Corcyra (island)

Corcyra Ins. (Kerkyra/Corfu) is an island in the Ionian Sea.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: Pierre Motylewicz, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Perry Scalfano, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Corfinium

Corfinium was the principal city of the Paeligni in the valley of the Aternus river. The site becomes the capital of the breakaway Italic groups that oppose Rome during the Social War.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Creta (island)

The island of Crete is the largest of the Greek islands and the fifth-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cumae/Kyme (Campanian)

An ancient settlement of Campania, Cumae was the first Greek colony established on the Italian mainland in the eighth century BC.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Curicta (island)

A large island in the Adriatic Sea.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Curicum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 20 B4 Curicum
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cyclades Islands

An island group in the Aegean Sea composed of over 200 islands.
Creators: Classical Atlas Project Office, G. Reger
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference, connections; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Damecuta

An Imperial villa excavated by A. Maiuri in the 1930s, Damecuta was connected to the Iulio-Claudian emperors. The construction of later Medieval and Bourbon fortifications on the site significantly damaged the ancient remains. The Medieval Damecuta tower stands atop part of the Roman villa.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited description and added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Danuvius/Istros/Hister (river)

The Danube river.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Diane Braund, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Derris Pr.

Cape at the southern end of Sithonia opposite Cape Canastraeum on Pallene.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: G. Reger, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, R. Talbert, Noah Kaye, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Diabate? Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 A2 Diabate? Ins.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

*Diana

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 21 E5 *Diana
Creators: J.J. Wilkes
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Didyme (island)

One of the Aeolian Islands with Greek occupation from the fourth century B.C.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Dindymon (mountain)

The highest point on Kapu Dagh.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Diomedeae Islands

An Adriatic archipelago north of Mons Garganus.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Echinades (islands)

A group of islands in the Ionian Sea off the coast of Acarnania.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

(E)Idomene

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 50 B2 (E)Idomene
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added name; added tp reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Elaphonnesos? Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 A4 Elaphonnesos? Ins.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Eleutherai

A city of northern Attika at the boundary of Boeotia, Eleutherai is one of the best preserved ancient fortresses in Attika.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Enosis (island)

The Isola di San Pietro is one of the principal islands of the Sulcis archipelago.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Epomeus M.

The highest mountain on the island of Ischia.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Eridu

Eridu was an ancient city of Sumeria and perhaps one of the first true cities. The site is settled from ca. 5300 B.C. onward. Eridu was located approximately Located 12 km southwest of Ur and was the southernmost of a conglomeration of Sumerian cities that grew up around temple complexes.
Creators: A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, St J. Simpson, R. Wenke
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, R. Talbert, P. Flensted Jensen, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: corrected location
Actors: Francis Deblauwe

Erikodes/Ericusa (island)

One of the Aeolian Islands; the island is the site of the extinct Montagnola volcano.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Erymanthos M.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B2 Erymanthos M.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Eumorfiana? Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 D4 Eumorfiana? Ins.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection; added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Euonymus (island)

One of the Aeolian Islands with occupation evidence beginning ca. 1200 B.C.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Valeria Vitale, Jonathan Prag, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Falisci

The name for a group of Italic people who occupied the Ager Faliscus within Etruria.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ficaria (island)

An island off the southeast coast of Sardinia
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Forum Appii

An ancient road station on the Via Appia located 69 km southeast of Rome.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Frentani

An Italic people of eastern Italy occupying a territory between the Apennines and the Adriatic seaboard, the Frentani had a close cultural connection with the Samnites.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Fundanus L.

A brackish lake ca. 90 km southeast of Rome.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Gallinaria (island)

An island in the Ligurian Sea.
Creators: S. Loseby, R. Häussler
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Graupius (mountain)

Site of Roman military victory over the native Caledonians in AD 83 or 84, chronicled in Tacitus' Agricola. Its location has never been conclusively identified, notwithstanding centuries of scholarly debate. Dozens of candidate sites have been proposed (and dismissed) over the years, however, the general consensus seems to agree upon a location somewhere in northeast Scotland extending north from Perthshire well into Aberdeenshire.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Scott Vanderbilt
Modifications: added.; baseline created; description, locations; initial revision
Actors: Scott Vanderbilt, Tom Elliott

Guzana (Tell Halaf)

An Aramaean principality founded on the site of an extinct Neolithic settlement. Settled through Hellenistic times, it was abandoned at the end of the 1st Century B.C.
Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Jamie Novotny, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, Sean Gillies, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: fix references, retitle, improve description
Actors: Sean Gillies

Haemus M.

A mountain range of northern Thrace.
Creators: A.G. Poulter
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Halone

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 B4 Halone
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Halone Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 B4 Halone Ins.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Halonnesos Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 56 A2 Halonnesos Ins.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Heraion

The sanctuary of Hera on Samos.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference, category; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Heraion

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 unlocated Heraion
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hera temple

The so-called 'Tavole Palatine' is the site of the ruins of a sixth century B.C. Doric temple sacred to Hera and associated with the city of Metapontum.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Herculis (islands)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 A1 Herculis Inss.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Herculis Petra

An islet in the Gulf of Naples.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

(H)Iberus (river)

The Ebro river in Spain.
Creators: H.S. Sivan, S.J. Keay, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hiera (Hephaistou) (island)

One of the Aeolian Islands utilized in antiquity mostly for its natural resources. Ancient Romans exploited resources including wood, alum, and sulfur.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hiera/Maritima (island)

The second largest of the Aegadian Islands, Marettimo in Sicily.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references and cnnxn; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hieron (Chalkedonion)/Zeus Ourios, T.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 53 B2 Hieron (Chalkedonion)/Zeus Ourios, T.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Horta

The Etruscan settlement of *Hurta (the modern Orte) was close to the Vadimonis Lacus where the Romans fought, and won, two engagements against Etruscan armies.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hydroussa/Hydrea (island)

An island of the Aegean Sea between the Saronic and Argolic gulfs.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hydruntum/Hydrous

A Greek city at the easternmost point of the Italian peninsula that sided against Rome in both the Pyrrhic and Hannibalic wars. In the time of the Roman Empire the city was located in the province of Calabria and was an embarkation point for ships leaving for Apollonia across the Adriatic Sea.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Igilium (island)

An island in the Tyrrhenian Sea with Etruscan and Roman occupation.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; edited; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Il Torrino

An Iron Age settlement in Latium.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ilva/Aethalia (island)

The largest island of the Tuscan Archipelago, Ilva (modern Elba) is located in the Tyrrhenian Sea 50 km east of Corsica. It is the third largest Italian island.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Imbros (island)

The island of Imbros (modern Gökçeada in Turkey) was colonized by Athens in antiquity.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Interpromium

A village of the Marrucini, forming a station on the Via Claudia Valeria between Corfinium and Teate.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ionios Kolpos/Tarentinus Sinus

Ionios Kolpos/Tarentinus Sinus (Gulf of Taranto) is a gulf of the Ionian Sea.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ios (island)

One of the Cycladic Islands.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection; added location; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Isola del Tinetto

An island in the Ligurian Sea.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and uwhs; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Italia

The Italian peninsula extending northward to the Alps as recognized by the Romans.
Creators: R. Talbert, Brian Z. Lund, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Pierre Motylewicz, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ithaca (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 54 C5 Ithaca Ins.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection; added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Iuppiter Latiaris, T.

An important Latial sanctuary of Iuppiter located on Mons Albanus (modern Monte Cavo).
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Iustiniani Pons

The Bridge of Justinian or Sangarius Bridge is a Late Roman bridge built by the emperor Justinian I across the Sangarius river. The bridge's original span was ca. 430 m.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Iuvanum

A Roman municipium founded in 87 BC after the Social War, Iuvanum sits on the site of a pre-existing Samnite settlement that occupies an upland plateau.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kaiskata

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 25 unlocated Kaiskata
Creators: H.S. Sivan, S.J. Keay, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kalami

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 51 D3 Kalami
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kalamianos

Late Helladic III coastal settlement on the Saronic Gulf in the southeastern Corinthia
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Kalaureia (island)

An island near the coast of Troezen in the Peloponnesus.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection; added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kassope

A city with an extensive circuit wall, temple, theater, and agora.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Dan Diffendale, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision; update description add pecs link
Actors: Dan Diffendale, Sean Gillies

Kimolos (island)

Kimolos Ins. (Kimolos) is an island in the Aegean Sea that is part of the Cyclades.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Klaros

The site of a temple of Apollo administered by Colophonians and active from the seventh century B.C. to the fourth century A.D.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Rob Chavez, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: edited; fix typo in descr, add some details.; improve description, adds refs and connection
Actors: Sean Gillies

Knosos/Col. Iulia Nobilis Cnosos

A major ancient settlement of Crete located some 5 km southeast of Heraklion, Knossos was occupied from the Neolithic period to the time of the Roman empire.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Austin Banda, Patrick DeVarney, Tom Elliott, Adam Rabinowitz, DARMC, R. Talbert
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Koryphasion Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B4 Koryphasion Pr.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Stuart Dunn, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Laconicus Sinus

Laconicus Sinus is a gulf located in the southeastern Peloponnese of Greece.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

La Storta

A station on the Via Cassia attested in an inscription dated to A.D. 379-383.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lebinthos (island)

An island of the Sporades, lying east of Amorgos.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lemnos (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 56 A2 Lemnos Ins.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Leucas (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 54 C4 Leucas Ins.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Leukata(s) Pr./Leukas Petra

A promontory at the southwest shoreline of Leucas
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added location; created place; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Limyra Bridge

A late-Roman bridge, ancient name unknown, located near the ancient city of Limyra in modern Turkey.
Creators: C. Foss, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lipara (island)

An island in the Tyrrhenian Sea, north of Sicily. Modern Isola Lipari.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Frazer Brown
Modifications: added location; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lopadusa (island)

The largest of the Pelagie Islands in the Mediterranean Sea, Lopadusa has long served as a maritime base beginning with Punic occupation in the first millennium BC.
Creators: R. Talbert, Brian Z. Lund, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; edited description, added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Loudias L.

A shallow, marshy lake in central Macedonia that was drained in the twentieth century.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lucani

An ancient Oscan-speaking population of south Italy.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lucania (region)

An ancient region of south Italy stretching from the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Gulf of Taranto.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connections; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lucrinus (lake)

A small lake near Lake Avernus.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lychnidos

Lychnidos (modern Ohrid, Macedonia) is an ancient city listed as UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979 and 1980 for both its cultural and natural heritage.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lykaion (mountain)

Lykaion.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Makopsisa

A town known from Ptolemy, Makopsisa (modern Macomer) is located in the Nuoro province of Sardinia.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and cnnxn; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mamison Pass

A high mountain pass in the central Greater Caucasus mountains.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Marciana Marina

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 41 C4 Marciana Marina
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Marrucini

The Marrucini were an Italic tribe centered around Teate in the Abruzzo. In conflict with Rome through the end of the Second Samnite War, the Marrucini became allied with Rome thereafter. Their language was likely in the Sabellic family.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference, category, edited description; cnnxn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mausoleum of Caecilia Metella

A tomb on the Via Appia south of Rome belonging to Caecilia Metella, a daughter of Metellus Creticus. She was born ca. 100 BC. In 1303 the tomb was incorporated into the Castrum Caetani, serving as the main tower of the fortification.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Megaloi Theoi, T.

The "Sanctuary of the great gods" on the island of Samothrace, one of the chief Panhellenic sanctuaries of the ancient Greek world.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: G. Reger, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Melanos Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 B4 Melanos Pr.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Melas Kolpos

The Gulf of Saros.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, G. Reger, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Melos (island)

Melos is a volcanic island in the Cyclades and in prehistoric times served as an important source of obsidian in the Aegean Sea. Substantial remains of Bronze Age and Greco-Roman civilizations have been excavated on the island.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Georgios Tsolakis, Gabriel McKee, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection; added location; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Merinum

An ancient city placed in the Gargano and discussed by Pliny the Elder.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mesagne

A center of the Messapii in Apulia.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Minoa Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 E2 Minoa Ins.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Minthe (mountain)

Minthe.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Minturnae

Originally an Ausonian town that fought against Rome in 314 B.C., Minturnae became a colony in 296 B.C. The site is located on the Garigliano river (ancient Liris) and served an important economic function. The Via Appia passes through the city.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited description, added references and cnnxn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mola di Monte Gelato

An ancient settlement 30 km north of Rome that was excavated from 1986-90. An imperial villa existed on the site up until the third century AD.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Molibodes (island)

Molibodes Ins. (Isola di Sant'Antioco)
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mons Claudius

A mountain range; BAtlas 20 lists it as unlocated but near either Moslavačka gora or Ivančica, Croatia.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brian Turner, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added locations and latin name; improved description
Actors: Brian Turner

Monte Castello

A fortified Etruscan settlement on Ilva.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Monte Serico

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 D3 Monte Serico
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Monte Serra

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 41 C4 Monte Serra
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Monte Sirai

A Phoenician–Punic and later Roman settlement in southwestern Sardinia, Monte Sirai also has evidence for nuragic settlement during the second millennium BC.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mossynoeci

An ancient population of Asia Minor. The Greeks used the term Mossynoikoi meaning "dwellers in wooden towers" to describe them.
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited description, type and added references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Motya

A small island in the Stagnone Lagoon of western Sicily, Motya has evidence for quite ancient settlement, including a significant Punic phase. The settlement on the island was destroyed by Syracuse in 379 BC. At one point the island was connected to the mainland via a causeway.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Valeria Vitale, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Jonathan Prag
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description; edited reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Motya causeway

Remains of a causeway that once connected Motya to the Sicilian mainland.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; edited; edited title and description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Muralto

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 19 A3 Muralto
Creators: H. Bender
Contributors: G. Moosbauer, DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, M. Puhane, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mutina

Ancient Mutina (originally the Etruscan town Mutna), was first inhabited by Villanovans and later by Ligurians and the Gaulish Boii. The Boii sieged the city in 218 BC and later Mutina was re-established as a Roman colony (183 BC). It was an important city and played a role in the civil wars during the last decades of the Roman Republic.
Creators: M. Pearce, P. Tozzi
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mycenae

Mycenae was an ancient settlement of the Argolid, with the earliest occupation evident ca. 2900 B.C. As the eponymous site of the Mycenaean culture of the Aegean Bronze Age, the site flourished as a fortified citadel during the mid to late second millennium B.C. In the first millennium B.C., the site experienced a revival of fortunes, although by Strabo's time the settlement had vanished.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Michelle Willoughby, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Chelsea Lee, Olesya Kolos, Jeffrey Becker, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Chuck Jones, Eric Shea, April Kissinger, Sterling Wright
Modifications: added category
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mykonos (island)

Mykonos is part of the Cyclades island group in the Aegean Sea.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, adegraauw, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nar (river)

The Nera river, a tributary of the Tiber.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references and cnnxn; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Naxos (island)

Naxos is the largest of the Cycladic islands and was the center of the Cycladic civilization.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Perry Scalfano, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

(Nea) Paphos

The legendary birthplace of the goddess Aphrodite, (Nea) Paphos has been a center of activity since the Final Bronze Age when Mycenaeans honored the goddess there. The site was listed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1980.
Creators: D. Rupp
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added references and category; edited; edited description; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Nemora Vacunae

Shrine dedicated to a rural divinity of the Sabina.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nemorensis (lake)

Nemorensis Lacus (modern Lake Nemi) is a small, volcanic lake in Latium located south of Rome. The lake is known for its adjacent sanctuary of the goddess Diana and for a number of sunken Roman ships of the first century AD that were recovered from it.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Neretum

An ancient settlement of the Messapii in Apulia captured by the Romans in 269 BC. The Trajanic extension of the Via Appia ran through the site.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nesis (island)

A volcanic islet of the Phlegraean Islands archipelago, Nesis was in antiquity the site of many elite seaside villas.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nesope Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 56 B3 Nesope Ins.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nicopolis

An ancient city of Epirus founded by Octavian ca. 31 B.C. to commemorate his victory over Marcus Antonius and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ninguaria (island)

Known today as Tenerife, this is the largest of the Canary islands.
Creators: Ryan M. Horne
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Ryan M. Horne

Nisyros (island)

A volcanic island in the Aegean Sea that is part of the Dodecanese group of islands.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Norba

A town of the Peucetii in South Italy, Norba was conquered by the Romans in 268 BC and was abandoned in the fifth century AD.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nuraghe Loelle

A nuragic site near Caput Tyrsi.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Losa

A nuraghe near Abbasanta, Sardinia. The original phase of the site dates to the fifteenth through thirteenth centuries B.C., while the enclosure wall dates to the thirteenth and twelfth centuries B.C. The site saw diminished activity in the Iron Age; the eighth and seventh centuries B.C. show evidence for funerary activity.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nuraghe Palmavera

A site near Alghero, Sardinia, belonging to the first nuragic phase (fifteenth and fourteenth centuries BC).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added reference; created place
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nuraghe Santu Antine

A nuragic structure dating originally ca. 1,600 to 1,450 BC.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nuri

A site in the modern Sudan on the east bank of the Nile, Nuri is noted for the remains of pyramid tombs of the kings of Nubia. Nuri was designated as UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003.
Creators: N.B. Millet
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and uwhs; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ocra (mountain)

Ocra M. (Mt. Nanos) is a karst limestone plateau located at the eastern border of the Slovenian Littoral.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Oenotri

An ancient Italic population occupying a portion of southwestern Italy from Poseidonia/Paestum to Calabria. Their name may derive from the Greek 'oinos' meaning wine.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Oglasa (island)

Oglasa (Montecristo) is an island in the Tyrrhenian Sea and part of the Tuscan Archipelago.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Oliaros (island)

Oliaros Ins. (modern Antiparos) is an inhabited island in the southern Aegean Sea and part of the Cyclades.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location; added reference, connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Olmiai Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 E1 Olmiai Pr.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Stuart Dunn, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ophiussa (island)

An island located in the southern Sea of Marmara.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Orbelos (mountain)

Orbelos Mts.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: G. Reger, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Oxeiai/Thoai (islands)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 54 D5 Oxeiai/Thoai Inss.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection; added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Paeligni

An ancient Oscan tribe of eastern Italy, the Paeligni are mentioned in the historical sources first in the fourth century BC when they oppose Rome during the Second Samnite War. The Paeligni came into alliance with Rome at the end of the fourth century BC but again took sides against Rome in the Social War.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Palairos

A fortified ancient Greek city located in southern Epirus.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added category; added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Palazzo a Mare

The site of one of the twelve villas of Tiberius, and perhaps the largest, on the island of Capreae.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

*Pallanum

An ancient settlement of the Frentani located on Monte Pallano.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Palmaria (island)

The second largest of the Pontine Islands, the modern Palmarola.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pandataria (island)

An island in the Pontine archipelago of the Tyrrhenian Sea, Pandataria is volcanic in origin and is best known, in historical terms, as the place to which Augustus banished Julia the Elder, his daughter, in 2 BC and to which Tiberius banished Agrippina the Elder in AD 29.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connections; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pantanus L.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 B1 Pantanus L.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pantelleria (island)

An island in the Strait of Sicily with human occupation dating back at least 35,000 years, Pantelleria has evidence for Bronze Age, Punic, Roman, Medieval, and modern phases. The Romans first acquired the island in 255 B.C. They called it Cossyra.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Valeria Vitale, Jonathan Prag, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Parma

The site of a Bronze Age terramare settlement, Parma was re-founded first by Etruscans and later by the Romans when a colony was established there in 183 B.C. The city was rebuilt by Augustus and was eventually sacked by Attila.
Creators: M. Pearce, P. Tozzi
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Paros (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 61 A3 Paros Ins.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Patavium

An ancient settlement of the Veneti, Patavium became a Roman municipium in 45 BC. It was the birthplace of several famous Romans including Titus Livius, Valerius Flaccus, Asconius Pedianus and Thrasea Paetus.
Creators: M. Pearce, R. Peretto, P. Tozzi
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Patra(e)

Patra(e) (modern Patras) is an important ancient center with settlement beginning in the Late Helladic period. Patras played a leading role in the foundation of the second "Achaean League" and was the site of a Roman colony after 146 BC.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pelodes Limen

A lake near Buthrotum that served as a port.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Peukes/Hieron Stoma

The southernmost mouth of the Danube river, described by Strabo as "hieron stoma" or the "holy mouth".
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phalacrinae

A Roman town in which the emperor Vespasian was born in A.D. 9.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phanagor(e)ia

A colony founded by Teos on the Gulf of Taman ca. 540 BC.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Diane Braund, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications:
Actors:

Phoenicusa (island)

One of the Aeolian Islands, Phoenicusa shows evidence for Bronze Age occupation, as well as activity during the Greek and Roman periods.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phorbantia (island)

Phorbantia Ins. (modern Levanzo) is the smallest of the Aegates Inss.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Valeria Vitale, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Jonathan Prag
Modifications: added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Piana di Monte Verna

An ancient Oscan center delimited by a megalithic fortification wall.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Pindus (mountain range)

A large mountain range in north and central Greece.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Ryan M. Horne, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pisae

A city situated on the Tyrrhenian seaboard and likely of Etruscan origin. Its early nature was that of a mercantile center. The city became a Roman colony in 89 B.C.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connections and reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pisingara

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 64 unlocated Pisingara
Creators: T.B. Mitford
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pithekoussai

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 E4 Pithekoussai
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pityonesos Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 E2 Pityonesos Ins.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Ryan F. Baumann, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Planasia (island)

Planasia (modern Pianosa) is an island of the Tuscan archipelago to which Agrippa Postumus was exiled by Augustus in A.D. 6 or 7.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Platamodes Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B3 Platamodes Pr.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Stuart Dunn, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Plestinus L.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 D2 Plestinus L.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pola

A port city on the Adriatic Sea (modern Pula in Croatia).
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Francis Tassaux, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Polonnaruwa

An ancient city of the Kingdom of Polonnaruwa dating ca. AD 1070. Inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1982.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Polyaigos (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 C5 Polyaigos Ins.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pomarico Vecchio

A fortified center of Lucania founded in the fifth century B.C. or earlier, Pomarico Vecchio was influenced by its close contacts with the Greek cities of Magna Graecia.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ponte di Quintodecimo

The Ponte di Quintodecimo is located near Acquasanta Terme.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited name, description, added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ponte Latrone

A Roman bridge on the Volturno river located near Capriati.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited name, description, added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ponte Rotto

An ancient bridge over the Cervaro river between Aecae and Herdoniae on the Via Traiana.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ponte Salario

The Ponte Salario is a Medieval bridge with Roman origins. It is located at the point where the Via Salaria crosses the Anio, about 3 km north of the Colline Gate.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pontia

A settlement on Pontia Ins. The largest of the Pontine Islands, Pontia lies 33 km south of Cape Circeo on the Italian mainland.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pontiae (islands)

An archipelago in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the west coast of Italy.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pontia Ins.

Three islands located off the coast of the Greater Syrtis
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Portus Veneris

A Roman maritime community that may derive its name from a local sanctuary of Venus, Portus Veneris served as the base of the Byzantine fleet until it was destroyed in A.D. 643.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and uwhs; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Prepesinthos (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 C5 Prepesinthos Ins.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications:
Actors:

Priscilla

A Christian catacomb within an ancient quarry on the Via Salaria that was in use from the second until the fourth centuries AD. The Catacomb of Priscilla was likely named for Priscilla, a member of the gens Acilia, and contains the oldest known Marian painting (third century AD).
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Prochyta (island)

Procida is one of the Flegrean Islands located between Cape Miseno and the island of Ischia.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; edited; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Proconnesus (island)

An island in the Sea of Marmara known especially for its high quality, fine-grained marble dubbed Proconnesian marble.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Prote (island)

An island in the Ionian Sea, located to the of the Peloponnese that Thucydides mentions.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Psyra (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 56 B4 Psyra Ins.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Punta Chiarito

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 E4 Punta Chiarito
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: connection added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Puteolanus Sinus/Crater

Also called the Bay of Naples, the Puteolanus Sinus is a gulf located on the southwestern coast of Italy. It opens west to the Mediterranean Sea and is bordered on the east by Mt. Vesuvius and the south by the Sorrentine Peninsula.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pylos

An archaic through Roman settlement located at the Armatova hill, west of Agrapidochori in Ileia in the Peloponnese.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Rhizonicus Sinus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 20 F7 Rhizonicus Sinus
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Rhizon/Risinium

A city on the Adriatic coast of Dalmatia with a protected harbor.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Rocavecchia

A fortified coastal site on the Adriatic Sea with a long history of occupation stretching from the Bronze Age (fifteenth to eleventh centuries BC) to the Middle Ages.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman bridges at Tibur

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 43 D2 no. 32 (bridges at Tibur (2))
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited title, added type and cnnxn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Rudiae

An ancient Messapic town, Rudiae was the birthplace of the poet Ennius.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sabatinus lacus

A volcanic lake in Latium north of Rome (modern Lago di Bracciano).
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sabucina

Sabucina was a major indigenous center in central Sicily that was wealthiest in the sixth and fifth centuries BC; it may have been connected with sulfur mining.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created; checked in during pleiades tutorial post aia/apa
Actors: Adam Rabinowitz, Sean Gillies

Sagrus (river)

A river of eastern Italy (modern Sangro).
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Salamis (island)

Salamis is the largest island of the Saronic Gulf.
Creators: J.S. Traill
Contributors: R. Talbert, Perry Scalfano, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Samos (island)

The island of Samos.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: Pierre Motylewicz, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Samothrace (island)

Samothrace is an island of the northern Aegean Sea.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: G. Reger, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sanctuary of Monte Sant'Angelo

A Catholic sanctuary on Mount Gargano, in northern Apulia, Italy. Listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sane/Ouranopolis

An ancient settlement, located on the Athos/Akte peninsula.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, G. Reger, R. Talbert
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sangarius (river)

The Sangarius river (modern Sakarya) is the third longest river in Asia Minor and flows through ancient Phrygia.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, Sean Gillies, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: added location; added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sardinia et Corsica (Roman province)

The province of Sardinia et Corsica was the second Roman province and came under Roman control after the First Punic War.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes, S.T. Parker, R.S. Bagnall, W.V. Harris, A.S. Esmonde-Cleary, C.M. Wells, J.F. Drinkwater, R.C. Knapp, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Brian Z. Lund, R. Talbert, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sardinia (island)

The second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; cnnxn; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sardoum Mare

The name given by the ancients to the part of the Mediterranean sea adjoining the island of Sardinia on the west and south.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Saronicus Sinus

The Saronic Gulf (also called the Gulf of Aegina) is a part of the Aegean Sea that delimits the eastern side of the isthmus of Corinth.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Perry Scalfano, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sason (island)

Pliny notes that this island was notorious as a pirate refuge.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

S. Buono

A fortified town near Chieti in the Abruzzo, the ancient phases of S. Buono include evidence for an indigenous sacred site of the later first millennium BC. Among the finds are votive objects dedicated to Herakles.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Scarlino

A fortified Medieval site in the Maremma region of Italy with evidence for earlier fortified centers.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Selge

Selge was an important city of Pisidia; Strabo claims it was founded as a Spartan colony.
Creators: C. Foss, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sep. Eurysacis

The tomb of a baker, M. Vergilius Eurysaces, built at the point where the via Labicana and the via Praenestina exit from Rome's walls to the east. The tomb dates to the later Republican period (ca. 50-20 B.C.).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; created place; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Serreion Teichos/Ganos

An ancient settlement in the Propontis near modern Ganos, Turkey.
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Settefinestre

A Late Republican Roman slave-run villa owned by the senatorial family of the Volusii.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

S. Giovanni

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 41 C4 S. Giovanni
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Shaduppum

Shaduppum was a small but heavily fortified city dating from the middle of the third millennium to the second millennium B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Francis Deblauwe, B. Siewert-Mayer, Eric Kansa, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp
Modifications: baseline created; edited
Actors: Francis Deblauwe

Sicalenum?/Kalena

An ancient settlement in the Abruzzo mentioned by Polybius in the account of the Battle of Geronium during the Second Punic War.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sicilia (Roman province)

The Roman province of Sicilia (Sicily) was initially organized in 241 BC as a territory with a proconsular governor. The territory fell to the Vandals in AD 440 but was reclaimed by the Byzantines.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes, S.T. Parker, R.S. Bagnall, W.V. Harris, A.S. Esmonde-Cleary, C.M. Wells, J.F. Drinkwater, R.C. Knapp, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Brian Z. Lund, R. Talbert, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references and connections; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Siculum/Ausonium Mare

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 1 G3 Siculum/Ausonium Mare
Creators: R. Talbert, Brian Z. Lund, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Singitikos Kolpos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 51 B4 Singitikos Kolpos
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: R. Talbert, G. Reger, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; edited type
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sinonia (island)

A small island that is part of the Pontine Islands.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Siphnos (island)

The island of Siphnos has been inhabited since the Neolithic period and was a major center of Cycladic civilization.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jonathan Fu, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Skollis (mountain)

Skollis.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Skyllaion (promontory)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 F3 Skyllaion Pr.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

S. Maria a Vico

A town founded as Vicus Novanensis, later named simply Ad Novas, along the Via Appia.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sphakteria (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B4 Sphakteria Ins.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Noah Kaye, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sporades (archipelago)

An archipelago off the east coast of Greece in the Aegean Sea consisting of 24 islands.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Stonehenge

An ancient formation of stones set in a field near Salisbury (Wiltshire County, England).
Creators: James Atkins
Contributors: Jonathan Fu, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Nate Nagy, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Stratonikeia

An ancient city in Caria founded by Antiochus I Soter, according to Strabo. The city had several phases, including a period of Rhodian influence, before coming under the umbrella of Roman administration. The city was elaborately embellished with monumental programs of public art and architecture.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Strongyle (island)

One of the eight Aeolian Islands, Strongyle Ins. is one of the three active volcanoes in Italy.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; added name; added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Strophades/Plotai (island group)

The modern Strophades/Strofades islands (Stamfani and Arpi): an Ionian island group mentioned in Vergil and other ancient sources.
Creators: Tom Elliott
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Brian Turner, Sean Gillies
Modifications: edited type
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Strymonikos Kolpos

Strymonikos Kolpos (the Strymonian Gulf)
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: R. Talbert, G. Reger, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Suebicum Mare

The Baltic Sea.
Creators: R. Warner, A. Bursche
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sybota (islands)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 54 B3 Sybota Inss.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, Pierre Motylewicz, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Syros (island)

Syros is an island in the Cyclades in the Aegean Sea. Human settlement on Syros began at least 5,000 years ago with the so-called Kastri culture.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Noah Kaye, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tabula Traiana

The Tabula Traiana is a monumental inscription in what is now Serbia commemorating the completion of a Trajanic road along the Danube. The inscription was moved from its original spot to its present location in 1972.
Creators: J.J. Wilkes
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Ryan M. Horne, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Taphos (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 54 C4 Taphos Ins.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tarchna/Tarquinii

An ancient city of Etruria and the leading city of the doudecim populi Etruriae, Tarquinia (called Tarch(u)na or Tarchna in Etruscan) was a major urban center of ancient Italy.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Jonathan Weiland, Sean Gillies
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tavolara (island)

A small island located just off the northeast coast of Sardinia. It may correspond to a "Hermaia" mentioned in Ptolemy's Geography.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Taygetos (mountain)

Taygetos.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Teate

Originally named Teate Marrucinorum, Teate (modern Chieti) was the principal settlement of the Marrucini. Strabo attributes its origins to Arcadian Greeks.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tell Brak

Tell Brak, located in the Upper Khabur of northeastern Syria, was occupied between the sixth and second millennia B.C. The tell stands ca. 40 m tall and cover ca. 130 hectares.
Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, R. Talbert, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: added ancient name
Actors: Francis Deblauwe

Tempe

A gorge in Thessaly, Greece, located south of Mt. Olympus and north of Mt. Ossa. The Peneios river flows through the gorge.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: R. Talbert, G. Reger, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Temple of Diana at Nemi

A site sacred to Diana near Lake Nemi, comprised of a Tuscan-style sanctuary and a sacred grove.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tenedos (island)

An island located in the Aegean Sea 5 km off the coast of Troas.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tenos (island)

Tenos Ins. (Tinos) is an island in the Aegean Sea and part of the Cyclades archipelago.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection; added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Termitito

An ancient city of Lucania.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tetrapyrgia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 63 unlocated Tetrapyrgia
Creators: S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: connection added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thasos (island)

The Aegean island of Thasos.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Tom Elliott, Gabriel McKee, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Perry Scalfano, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thera (island)

An island of the southern Aegean Sea, Thera is the southernmost of the Cyclades. The island's present form is the result of a Middle Bronze Age volcanic eruption that destroyed a Minoan settlement on the island.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thermaicus Sinus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 50 C4 Thermaicus Sinus
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thessalonica

A city of northern Greece founded by Cassander of Macedon ca. 315 BC; important center of the Roman and Late Antique.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thracium/Macedonicum Mare

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 51 D4 Thracium/Macedonicum Mare
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: G. Reger, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thyrea(tis)

An ancient district on the eastern shoreline of the Peloponnese, between the Argeia and Laconia.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thyrides

A promontory on the west side of the central southern peninsula of the Peloponnese in Greece.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tibareni

An ancient population of Scythian descent inhabiting the southern shores of the Black Sea in Asia Minor.
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tiberis (river)

The Tiber river is the third-longest river of the Italian peninsula, flowing 406 km (252 mi) from the Apennine Mountains to the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Sarah Bond, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tifernum Tiberinum

An Umbrian hilltown in the floodplain of the Tiber river north of Perusia.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connection; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tirizis Pr.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 22 F5 Tirizis Pr.
Creators: A.G. Poulter
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tiryns

A fortified Mycenaean center in the Argolid that flourished between 1400 and 1200 B.C.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; category; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Titarion (mountain)

Mt. Titaros.
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tomis

Tomis was founded as a Greek colony on the Black Sea coast ca. 600 B.C.
Creators: A.G. Poulter
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added details; added name; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Trasumennus L.

Trasumennus L. (Lake Trasimeno) is the largest lake of the Italian peninsula and the site of a major engagement of the Second Punic War on June 21, 217 B.C.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Trikka

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 55 B1 Trikka
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Trinius (river)

The Trigno river in Molise.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Elizabeth Robinson, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tropaeum Augusti/Alpium Tropaeum/Alpis Summa/Alpis Maritima

A victory monument built by Augustus (5 B.C.) to commemorate the subjugation of the tribes of the western Alps. The Romans considered the spot to be "In Alpe Maritima".
Creators: S. Loseby, R. Häussler
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Stefano Costa, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tropaeum Traiani (settlement)

Civitas Tropaensium was a Roman castrum settled by Roman veterans of the Dacian Wars. Constantine I rebuilt the city after it was destroyed by the Goths and it survived until the Avars sacked it in A.D. 587.
Creators: A.G. Poulter
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name; added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Turres

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 31 unlocated Turres
Creators: E.W.B. Fentress
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection to hippo regius
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Umbria (region)

The eponymous region of the Umbri, an ancient Italic people who spoke the Umbrian language. The physical geography of the landlocked region is hilly and dominated by the Appennine Mountains.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Unnamed bridge over Hebros river, near *Dymae

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 51 G3 unnamed bridge (over Hebros fl., near *Dymae)
Creators: E.N. Borza
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited title
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Unnamed fort on Nisyrion Inss.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 61 E4 unnamed fort group (on Nisyrion Inss.)
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited title, added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Unnamed quarry (on Proconnesus Ins.)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 52 B3
Creators: C. Foss
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; edited title added type
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Urgo/Gorgon (island)

The northernmost island in the Tuscan Archipelago.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; added name; added reference; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ustica (island)

An island in the Tyrrhenian Sea occupied since the middle of the second millennium B.C. when Phoenician traders were present there.
Creators: Mary E. Downs, Brian Z. Lund, R. Talbert, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Valeria Vitale, Tom Elliott, Jonathan Prag
Modifications: added location; added references and connection; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vadimonis (lake)

A partially dry lake of ancient Etruria near Orte. The Romans were victorious in two battles fought against the Etruscans there (310 and 283 BC).
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vangiones

The Vangiones were a Germanic tribe. They allied themselves with Ariovistus (58 BC) as he invaded Gaul and was defeated by Julius Caesar near Belfort. Drusus established two forts among the Vangiones, castrum Mogontiacum (13 BC, later Mainz) and another (14 BC) at Worms.
Creators: C. Haselgrove, J. Kunow
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vascones

An ancient, pre-Roman Iberian people that inhabited the regions of Navarre, Lower La Rioja, and northwestern Aragon.
Creators: H.S. Sivan, S.J. Keay, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Ryan M. Horne, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Velini L.

In the Roman period the Lacus Velinus was a larger body of water than the surviving remnant that is now known as Lake Piediluco. Modern intervention drained water away from the lake into the lower Nera River.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vellaunodunum

Vellaunodunum, now unlocated, was a Gallic oppidum of the Senones tribe two days' march from Agedincum.
Creators: C. Haselgrove, J. Kunow
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vesuvius M.

A stratovolcano located in the Gulf of Naples, Vesuvius stands to an elevation of 1,281 m (4,203 ft). It is notable in historical terms for its eruption of AD 79 in which numerous settlements, including Pompeii and Herculaneum, were destroyed.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Appia

An early Roman road (via publica) originating at Rome and terminating at Brundisium, the Via Appia was begun in the fourth century B.C. by the censor Appius Claudius Caecus. The Latin author Statius described the Via Appia as "queen of the long roads".
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection; added connections; added references and connections; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Via Aurelia

An ancient Roman road begun ca. 241 B.C. by the censor C. Aurelius Cotta.
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connections; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Cassia

An ancient Roman road branching off from the Via Flaminia and continuing to Luna where it joined the Via Aurelia. The Via Cassia post-dates the Via Amerina and was built after 240 B.C. It combined new construction with re-use of pre-existing roads and tracks.
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connections; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Clodia

An ancient Roman road.
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and cnnxns; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Labicana

An ancient Roman road connecting Rome and Labicum.
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and cnnxn; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Latina

A Roman road running southeast from Rome toward Campania.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Nomentana

The ancient road connecting Rome and Nomentum.
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and uwhs; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Ostiensis

An ancient road running from Rome to Ostia, exiting the city walls of Rome at the Porta Trigemina.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and cnnxn; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Praenestina

A consular road running from Rome to Praeneste.
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added cnnxn and edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Valeria

An ancient road from Rome to Corfinium.
Creators: L. Quilici and S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vicarello

A large, Roman imperial estate covering ca. 2,000 ha on the shores of Lake Bracciano. The name may derive from Vicus Aurelius, suggesting a connection with Marcus Aurelius.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references and connections; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vignanello

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 C4 Vignanello
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Villa Iovis

A 7,000 m² palatial villa built atop the island of Capreae by the Roman emperor Tiberius.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Jonathan Fu, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added references and connection; edited; edited description
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Visuentani

An ancient people of Umbria whose territory is unlocated.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Volsiniensis L.

A volcanic lake of northern Latium formed by the collapse of the Vulsini volcano. Roman sources record volcanic activity at the site as late as the second century B.C.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; edited description, added references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vomanus (river)

The Vomano river in Abruzzo flows into the Adriatic Sea.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Zaba? Ins.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 5 inset Zaba? Ins.
Creators: M.U. Erdosy
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Zacynthus (island)

An island in the Ionian Sea.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Arthur De Graauw, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added connection; added location
Actors: Jeffrey Becker