Pleiades Change Log: 2021-04-01 - 2021-04-31

Barsova Gora

Archaeological site on the Ob River in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia containing remains dated to the 6th-4th centuries BCE.
Creators: Gabriel McKee
Contributors:

Beirut Souks

Area along the western harbor of Beirut developed during phases of urban expansion from the 4th century BCE through the 1st century CE. The area was inhabited into late antiquity, with limited use into the medieval period. Rescue excavations were conducted in the area prior to its commercial redevelopment in the 1990s and early 2000s.
Creators: Gabriel McKee
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker

Complesso di Sant'Imbenia

A bronze age settlement on the northwest shore of the Bay of Porto Conte in western Sardinia. Excavations revealed a nuraghe and associated village, as well as indigenous, Phoenician, Levantine, and Greek ceramics. Activity at the site seems to have started as early as 1500 BCE and continued until the 7th century BCE.
Creators: Tom Elliott
Contributors:

Fortino di Mazzallakkar

A ruined ninth-century Arabic fort on the shores of Sicily's Lago Arancio.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Grotte di Seiano a Pietramelara

A ruined, terraced megalithic complex covering an area of some 900 square meters. The complex likely dates to the second century B.C. and was destroyed in the time of Sulla. The complex is interpreted as a Samnite sanctuary.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

House of Augustus

An elite domus located at the southwest corner of the Palatine Hill that is identified as the house lived in by the Roman emperor Augustus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling

Jura (island)

One of the Inner Hebrides islands of Scotland with evidence of human habitation stretching back to the Mesolithic period. It is one possible identification for an ancient "Riginia" island mentioned in ancient sources.
Creators: Tom Elliott
Contributors:

Roman theater of Privernum

The Roman theater of Privernum is attested mainly by means of epigraphic evidence.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Sabratha amphitheater

The Sabratha amphitheater dates to the later second century.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

So-called Temple of Hercules

A site on the Via Appia that is likely commercial in nature but that has long been associated with a shrine mentioned by Martial.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Thignica amphitheater

A Roman amphitheater at Thignica.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Tomb of Publius Aelius Callistion

The tomb of Publius Aelius Callistion, a freedman (libertus) of the emperor Hadrian, is colloquially known as the "Sedia del Diavolo". It is located in a piazza that derives its name from the tomb's occupant (piazza Elio Callistio) in Rome's Trieste neighborhood.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:

Tower 17

Rectangular defensive tower located on the western side of the defensive circuit walls around the city of Dura-Europos. Built ca. 150 BCE, the city's fortifications were breached in 256 CE and went out of use thereafter.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Kyle Conrau-Lewis, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker

Tower 20

Rectangular defensive tower located on the western side of the defensive circuit walls around the city of Dura-Europos. Built ca. 150 BCE, the city's fortifications were breached in 256 CE and went out of use thereafter.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Kyle Conrau-Lewis, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker

Abellinum

Abellinum was a settlement of the Hirpini in Campania.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added dare, darmc refs. --> related; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Acci/Col. Iulia Gemella

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 27 B4 Acci/Col. Iulia Gemella
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Acquoria

A basis villae near Tivoli in opus incertum on the river Aniene measuring 70 x 20 m. Two phases have been identified: second-first century B.C. and first century A.D.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Acropolis of Aletrium

The Acropolis of Aletrium, often referred to as the "Civita", is the fortified citadel of the ancient city. Surrounded by polygonal walls, it is accessed via two gates.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: edited; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ad X

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 39 E3 Ad X
Creators: M. Pearce, P. Tozzi
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Aedes Hercules Custos

The temple of Hercules Custos was located near the Circus Flaminius in Rome.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: jfu
Modifications: tags
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aeflanus (mountain)

Colle Ripoli-Monte S. Angelo.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Sarah Bond, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aefula

Aefula was an ancient settlement of Latium that had disappeared by the time of Pliny the Elder, although the cult of Bona Dea there continued to flourish.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; added re
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Ake

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Ake
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Akontion

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Alalaiou (islands)

Alalaiou Inss., the modern Dahlak Archipelago in the Red Sea, which today comprises 126 islands.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: summary
Actors: Tom Elliott

Albana

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 88 unlocated Albana
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Albanum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 20 F4 Albanum
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aletrium

A Hernican hill town that formed part of a sixth century B.C. defensive league against Volscian and Samnite aggression and allied itself to Tarquinius Superbus. Rome eventually took Aletrium in 306 B.C.; by the first century B.C. the site was a Roman municipium.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Althepia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Althepia
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Amanikai Pylai

A mountain pass that is located on the border between Osmaniye and Gaziantep provinces in south-central Turkey. The pass played an important role in the Battle of Issus, 333 B.C.
Creators: T. Sinclair, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: DARMC, M. Ballance, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Antros (island)

An island mentioned by Pomponius Mela. It is probably to be identified with the Plateau de Cordouan on which the Phare (lighthouse) de Cordouan stands. It lies in the mouth of the Gironde estuary, near Bordeaux in France.
Creators: H.S. Sivan, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added batldir reference; baseline created; cleaned up references; initial revision; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; summary; title; update mela ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Apani

The site of a Middle Bronze Age village located on the Scogli di Apani archipelago near Brindisi, Italy.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Aperi

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 E4 Aperi
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: link hope simpson 1962 to zotero
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aperopia (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 E3 Aperopia Ins.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Apiolae

An ancient city of Latium that led the Latin resistance against Tarquinius Priscus.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Apsyrtides (islands)

The Apsyrtides Islands, a group of Liburnian islands located east of Istria.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: ref. cleanup partial
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Apulia

Apulia is a region of the south-eastern Italian peninsula.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added topostext
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aquae Cutiliae

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 E4 Aquae Cutiliae
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: plin. ref.; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aquas volaternas

A place named on the Peutinger map, possibly to be associated with modern Monte Cerboli, Italy.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Arasaxa

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 64 B3 Arasaxa
Creators: T.B. Mitford
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Araura/Cessero

Araura/Cessero was originally a Celtic oppidum and, later, a road station on the Via Domitia.
Creators: S. Loseby
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, DARMC, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt
Modifications:
Actors:

Arch of Diocletian

The Arch of Diocletian dates to the late third century.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q42760424: arch of diocletian
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arene/Arena

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: smith added; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Argon Pedion

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 C2 Argon Pedion
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Argyra

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Arras-sur-Rhône Roman Milestone

A Roman milestone located in the modern French commune of Arras-sur-Rhône, registered as a historical monument in 1926 when it was to be found in the cemetery of the church of Saint Clair.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; place type -> milestone; pop; summary
Actors: Tom Elliott

Arykanda

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 65 D4 Arykanda (1)
Creators: C. Foss, S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added topostext, wikidata references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Asichas, Mon.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 67 unlocated Asichas, Mon.
Creators: T. Sinclair, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: M. Ballance, R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, R. Warner, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Asichon (promontory)

Modern Ras Hasik in Oman.
Creators: D.T. Potts
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; ref. update; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Attiou Akron

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 48 C2 Attiou Akron
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Auchendavy

Site of Roman fort on the Antonine Wall.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Scott Vanderbilt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; wikidata q48797214: auchendavy roman fort
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Aufidena/Aufinum

Smith (1854) notes that this station was located at the river mouth where a bridge carried the coast road that led from Sipontum to Barium. Its name is corrupted in various forms, appearing as Aufidena in the Antonine Itinerary and as Aufinum on the Peutinger Table.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added tp ref.; cleaned up references; cnxn; summary; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Aufinum

Aufinum, long thought to have been located at modern Ofena, which reflects the ancient name, has been shown by recent excavations to have been located some 5km further south, near modern Capestrano. Aufinum was an ancient center of the Abruzzo. Pliny lists the Aufinates Cismontani among the communities of the Vestini.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; added fasti link; added italian wikipedia reference; added menozzi 2014; added re aufinum 1; edited; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; removed batlas modern location reference from details; removed english wikipedia references; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Autariatae

The Autariatae were an ancient tribe of Illyria.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Auxanum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 C1 Auxanum
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added tp ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Azania

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 C2 Azania
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Azoros

Azoros was a city belonging to the tripolis of the Perrhaebi.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: cleanup refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bady

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Bady
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update paus. ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Baecula?

A settlement of Hispania Baetica in the territory of Castulo that was the site of Scipio's victories over Hasdrubal (209 B.C.), and over Mago and Masinissa (206 B.C.)
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; re baecula; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Baetis/Certis (river)

The Guadalquivir river is the fifth longest of the Iberian peninsula.
Creators: Jr., F.H. Stanley, R.C. Knapp
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Balmuildy Roman Fort

Balmuildy was the site of a Roman fort on the Antonine Wall in Scotland. This is one of only two Antonine Wall forts found to have stone ramparts.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; added location; wikidata q48799919: balmuildy roman fort
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Baptistery of Butrint

The Baptistery of Butrint is a round structure, with a diameter of 14.5 meters. It was built in the sixth century A.D. and was excavated in May 1928 by Luigi Maria Ugolini.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: ctype wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bararus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 33 G2 Bararus
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added wikidata q28221913: rougga, also tp ref.; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bar Hill

The site of a Roman fort on the Antonine Wall.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Scott Vanderbilt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: wikidata q12012421: bar hill roman fort
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Basilica Damous el-Karita

A Christian basilica of the Byzantine period located in Carthage.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Basti

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 27 C4 Basti
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Belmina

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 C3 Belmina
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added wikidata q16537117: belemina; smith 1854 (perseus) belemína; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Beregrani

An ancient people of Picenum.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Bir Massouda

An archaeological site in Carthage showing signs of continuous habitation from ca. 760 BCE-700 CE.
Creators: Gabriel McKee
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added wikidata ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Blera

Blera was a significant Etruscan settlement in the vicinity of Tarquinii. It lay along the line of the Roman Via Clodia. It received Roman municipal status and was enrolled in the tribus Arnensis. The city flourished in the sixth and fifth centuries BCE.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Boiai

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 unlocated Boiai
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: ref. updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Boiatikos Kolpos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Boiatikos Kolpos
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Bova (island)

Bova Ins. (modern Čiovo, Croatia).
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: kozličić 1990, title
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Brixellum

An ancient Roman town in the plain of the Po river.
Creators: M. Pearce, P. Tozzi
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Ryan M. Horne, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Buca

Buca was an ancient settlement of the Frentani.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Buruncuk

An ancient city was located near modern Buruncuk, 28 km north of Smyrna (modern Izmir) in Turkey. Some scholars identify it as the "Pelasgian" Laris(s)a in Aeolis mentioned by Homer, Xenophon, Herodotus, and Strabo, but that identification is disputed.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Noah Kaye, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added new pauly reference; cleaned up references; initial revision; summary; title; updated names
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Byzantine fortress at Thignica

A Byzantine fortress located at the site of Thignica.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision; ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cadder

A fort on the Antonine Wall at Cadder.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: wikidata q81330446: cadder roman fort
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Caermote Roman fort

The earthwork remains of a first century A.D. Roman fort and a possible second century fortlet.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott, Scott Vanderbilt
Modifications: added helisting reference; baseline created
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Calavon (river)

Tributary of the Druentia river (modern Durance). Its ancient name is unknown.
Creators: Sean Gillies
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: summary
Actors: Tom Elliott

Caminia (island)

An island mentioned in ancient sources, probably to be associated with modern Astakida.
Creators: Classical Atlas Project Office, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; summary; title; update refs.; wikidata q5428659
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Campanus Ager

The Campanus Ager was the region around Capua that the Romans confiscated in 211 B.C. during the Second Punic War.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Cancellone necropolis

Rock-cut tombs located along the remains of a road dating as early as the sixth century B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Capestrano

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 F4 Capestrano
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: arachne; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Careiae

An ancient town on the Via Clodia.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: wikipedia (it)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Carnuntum

A Roman army camp on the Danube river in Noricum; after the first century AD Carnuntum served as the capital of Upper Pannonia.
Creators: L.F. Pitts, A. Bursche
Contributors: R. Talbert, E. Krekovič, Jeffrey Becker, P. Kaczanowski, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Madyda‑Legutko, Sean Gillies, Sarah Bond
Modifications: update refs.; updated connections
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Carthago

The ancient city of Carthage, located in modern Tunis (Tunisia).
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, Jonathan Prag, R. Warner, R. Talbert
Modifications: ref. updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Casale di Giovio

The Casale di Giovio was originally a Roman funereal monument that was re-worked in seventeenth century to assume its current form.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: ctype; ref. added; wikidata q55378795
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Casetta Etruscan necropolis

The Necropolis della Casetta at Blera contains numerous dado-type tombs.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Caspiae Portae?

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 92 H1 Caspiae Portae?
Creators: A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, E.J. Keall
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cataracta Prima

The First Cataract of the Nile is located at Aswan.
Creators: T. Wilfong, S.E. Sidebotham, J. Keenan
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Cataracta Quarta

The Fourth Cataract of the Nile is located in the Manasir Desert. Since 2008 it has been flooded by the Merowe Dam.
Creators: N.B. Millet
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added wikidata; initial revision
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Cataracta Secunda

The Second Cataract (or Great Cataract) was located in Nubia. It is now submerged under Lake Nasser.
Creators: S.M. Burstein
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, D. Borough, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Cataracta Sexta

The Sixth Cataract is where the Nile cuts through the Sabaluka pluton.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Cataracta Tertia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 82 A2 Cataracta Tertia
Creators: N.B. Millet
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Cati fons

The Cati fons was a spring located on the western flank of Rome's Quirinal Hill. It was the source of the water carried by the brook known as Petronia amnis. The location of the spring remains debated and uncertain.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: edited; refs. added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Caveirac milestone

A Roman milestone - (CIL 17-02, no. 256).
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Celadussae (islands)

Celadussae Inss., a Dalmatian archipelago in the Adriatic Sea.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: kozličić 1990, title
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cerro de los Castillejos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 26 E3 Cerro de los Castillejos
Creators: Jr., F.H. Stanley, R.C. Knapp
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; update ref. links to zotero
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Cetamura

Cetamura is an ancient hilltop settlement with occupation phases stretching from the Etruscans to the Romans to the Medieval period. The site is located near Gaiole, Radda and Castellina in Chianti, Italy.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Elizabeth Robinson, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chancelade

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 14 F3 Chancelade
Creators: H.S. Sivan, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: changed deprecated place type to quarry
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chersonesos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 22 E6 Chersonesos
Creators: A.G. Poulter
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update anon., ppe ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chersonesos

Chersonesos was an ancient Greek colony founded in the southwestern part of the Crimean Peninsula, ancient Taurica. Settlers from Heraclea Pontica established the site in the sixth century B.C.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Diane Braund
Modifications: updates to refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Chogha Qal

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 93 F2 Chogha Qal
Creators: A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, St J. Simpson, R. Wenke
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, P. Flensted Jensen, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Chorazin

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 69 C4 Chorazin
Creators: E.M. Meyers, J.P. Brown
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Cilissa/Ingilissis

A putative place, now rejected by scholars as false. The Peutinger Map's "Incilissa" is thought to be a scribal error for "Cilicia".
Creators: T.B. Mitford
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added batldir reference; added tp reference; initial revision; place type; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Cingilia

A settlement of the Vestini, now unlocated, that, according to Livy, Iunius Brutus captured in 325 B.C.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cingulum

Cingulum was a town in Picenum.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

City Wall of Dura-Europos

The fortified wall encircling the city of Dura-Europos built primarily of locally-quarried ashlar limestone blocks. Built ca. 150 BCE, the walls were breached in 256 CE and went out of use thereafter.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Kyle Conrau-Lewis, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Cleddans

A Roman fortlet on the Antonine Wall in Scotland.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q48797711: cleddans fortlet
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Colle Gentile

Colle Gentile is a naturally defensible hill with good visibility located in the environs of Norba. While the site has not been scientifically excavated, it has been surveyed. The Groningen Institute of Archaeology identified traces of polygonal masonry fortification walls as well as surface ceramics that indicate settlement activity associated with Archaic and Republican phases. Imperial period activity is absent.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; baseline created; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; name; update summary, added reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Col. Tarraco

An Iberian site in contact with Greek and Phoenician merchants that became a major Roman center from the third century BC onward.
Creators: H.S. Sivan, S.J. Keay, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Compitum

A multi-period sanctuary near Anagnia.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Coppa Nevigata

Coppa Nevigata is an archaeological site located on the Apulian coast of the Gargano peninsula southwest of Manfredonia.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Elizabeth Robinson, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cora

A Latin center in the Monti Lepini that was already a Roman municipium by 211 B.C.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: greek name via strabo; vici.org 61728: cora
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Corato

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 D2 Corato
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: striccoli 1994
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cortona

An Umbrian city that, under Etruscan influence, expanded and came to be called 'Curtun'. Later it became the Roman colony of Cortino.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added eah ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Crotalus (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 46 E4 Crotalus fl.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added wikidata q3612535: alli; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cunerum (promontory)

A promontory on the Adriatic coast of Italy, south of Ancona near Monte Conero.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; initial revision; ref. update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Curubis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 32 G3 Curubis
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Cybistra

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 66 E1 Cybistra
Creators: S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Jamie Novotny, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Daphnous

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 55 D3 Daphnous
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Darioritum

The primary city of the Veneti in Gallia Lugdunensis (modern Vannes).
Creators: H.S. Sivan, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: added tp name; references; update refs
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Dermech basilica

A Christian basilica of Byzantine Carthage.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added references- wikipedia, wikidata; linked leone 2013 to zotero, linked wikimedia commons to zotero
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Drumlanrig

A Roman auxiliary fort located at Drumlanrig in Scotland.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; wikidata q61750213: drumlanrig roman fort
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Drymaia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 55 D3 Drymaia
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Duntocher

Roman fort on the Antonine Wall in West Dunbartonshire, Scotland.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: wikidata q81318308: duntocher roman fort
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Edremit

Edremit is a modern settlement and associated administrative region in the Van Province in the southeast of Turkey. In the vicinity, several inscriptions on rock and stone of the Urartian king Minua (9th / 8th century BCE) have been found which report the construction of the 'Canal of Minua'. In Greek and Roman times, Ptolemy gives the name "Artemita" for a settlement that modern scholars believe was located at Edremit.
Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Birgit Christiansen
Modifications: added aşur 2018; added bchristiansen2 to contributors list; added cohen 2013; baseline created; cleaned up references; edited; initial revision; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; merged bchristiansen's references: ecut, kleiss 1976, german wikipedia; ptype -> findspot; summary; title, summary; updated connections, locations, names
Actors: Tom Elliott

el-Aguz

An ancient place, cited: None
Creators: D.J. Mattingly
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Elaion (mountain)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Elaion M.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: name; update ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Eleutherion (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Eleutherion fl.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Emanium

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 20 unlocated Emanium
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: bojanovski 1988
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ephialteion? Pr.

Ephialteion? Pr. is one of the promontories of Karpathos mentioned by Ptolemy.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: summary, ref.; update refs
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Eretum

Eretum was a settlement of the Sabines and is involved in legendary accounts of early Rome.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, John Muccigrosso, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Ergitium

A Daunian settlement located between Teanum Apulum and Sipontum in northern Apulia. The site also served as a road station on the via Traiana.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: dare 23227; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Erymanthos (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B2 Erymanthos fl.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Fishbourne

Fishbourne, in West Sussex, is the site of a palatial villa built soon after the Roman conquest of Britain in the first century A.D.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, R. Talbert, jfu
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Fonte dell'Acqua Paola

The Fontana dell'Acqua Paola or Il Fontanone stands on the Ianiculum near the church of San Pietro in Montorio. It was built in 1612 to mark the end of the Acqua Paola aqueduct after it had been restored by Pope Paul V.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications:
Actors:

Forum Brentani/Brentanorum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 unlocated Forum Brentani/Brentanorum
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Forum Iulium

The Forum Iulium (or Forum of Caesar, Forum Caesaris) is a forum built by Iulius Caesar and dedicated ca. 46 B.C. The main cult of the forum is that of Venus Genetrix.
Creators: Jacob Raines
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, Tom Elliott, Edward Keogh
Modifications: added jacobsen et al. 2021
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Forum of Pompeii

Main forum of the Roman city of Pompeii (VII, 8).
Creators: Valeria Vitale
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Gabriel McKee
Modifications:
Actors:

Franchthi Cave

The Franchthi Cave is located on the Argolic Gulf in southeastern Argolis. The cave was occupied from the Paleolithic (ca. 20,000 BC) through to the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods, ultimately being abandoned ca. 3000 BC. The cave shows continuous human occupation for more than 20,000 years.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling
Modifications: added wikidata, topostext
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Fregellae

Fregellae was a city of Latium Adjectum that became a Roman colony in 328 B.C., but was subsequently captured by the Samnites; a Roman presence was re-established in 313 B.C. Loyal to Rome during the Second Punic War, Fregellae revolted in 125 B.C. and the site was razed.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Fundi

Fundi achieved civitas sine suffragio after the Latin War in 338 B.C.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: cleanup; partial cleanup
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Furfo

A vicus of the Vestini located in the upper Aterno valley in Abruzzo. The ancient settlement was located some 15 km south of modern L'Aquila, in the vicinity of S. Maria di Forfona near Barisciano. Furfo lay on the Via Claudia Nova between Amiternum and Peltuinum.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; cnxn; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; nissen ii 442; summary; update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Gallo-Roman temple at Vannes

Remains of a Gallo-Roman at Vannes.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: ctype vici.org; update vici.org 16954: temple gallo-romain, vannes
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Gatcombe

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 8 E3 Gatcombe
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, R. Warner, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Gesoriacum/Bononia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 11 B2 Gesoriacum/Bononia
Creators: C. Haselgrove, J. Kunow
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: ref. cleanup
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Göreme National Park and the Rock Sites of Cappadocia

A natural erosional landscape within which a number of rupestral sanctuaries are located, dating as early as the fourth century A.D.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Tom Elliott

Gortynios/Lousios (river)

A river of the Peloponnese.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added topostext, wikidata; name; summary; title; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Greek theater of Tyndaris

The Greek theater of Tyndaris dates originally to the fourth century B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q3826959: greek theatre of tindari
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Grotta Scaloria

A cavern discovered in 1931 near Manfredonia with evidence for ritual activity dating to the Neolithic period.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q59129383
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Guzana (Tell Halaf)

An Aramaean principality founded on the site of an extinct Neolithic settlement. Settled through Hellenistic times, it was abandoned at the end of the 1st Century B.C.
Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Jamie Novotny, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, Sean Gillies, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Gyenos/Cygnus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 87 G2 Gyenos/Cygnus
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Diane Braund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hazine Piri Kapısı

Hazine Piri Kapısı is the Turkish name for a rock niche bearing an inscription of the Urartian king Išpuini, son of Sarduri I (9th century BCE). It is situated on an isolated rock near modern Elmalı (Zivistan) and Edremit.
Creators: Birgit Christiansen
Contributors:
Modifications:
Actors:

Heba

A Roman colony that was established in the third or second century B.C., Heba lay near modern Magliano. Funerary evidence indicate previous Etruscan occupation at the site.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Helisson

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 C2 Helisson
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

*Hercules Curinus

A sanctuary in the territory of the Paeligni dedicated to Hercules Curinus situated on an artificial terrace on the slopes of Mount Morrone. The terrace sanctuary looks over Sulmo in the valley below.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added vici.org; ctype; summary, 2x refs. added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Hermaia Akra/Mercurii Pr./Kalon Akroterion?

Cap Bon is a peninsula of northeastern Tunisia.
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added topostext; edited; strabo, pliny
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Horta

The Etruscan settlement of *Hurta (the modern Orte) was close to the Vadimonis Lacus where the Romans fought, and won, two engagements against Etruscan armies.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

House of Augustus

An elite domus located at the southwest corner of the Palatine Hill that is identified as the house lived in by the Roman emperor Augustus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling
Modifications: added topostext ref.; cnxn; created; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; name; wiseman 2020
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

House of Flavius Germanus

Roman Peristyle House with interior garden and pool.
Creators: Brandon Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added vici.org 25292: house of the flavius germanus, volubilis reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

House of the Columns

Roman Peristyle House with interior garden and fountain.
Creators: Brandon Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added vici.org 19902: house of the columns reference; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

House of the Ephebe

Roman Peristyle House with interior garden and pool.
Creators: Brandon Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added vici.org 19899: house of the ephebe reference; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

*Incerulae

*Incerulae, an ancient sanctuary site in the territory of the Vestini.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added edh hd013853; summary; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

In Monte Grani

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 unlocated In Monte ‘Grani’
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cnxn; tp ref. update; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Inous Hydor

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Inous Hydor
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: place type = lake; update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Iolaia

The name of an indigenous tribe of Sardinia as reported by ancient authors including Pausanias.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Iol Caesarea

Iol Caesarea (modern Cherchell, Algeria) is a seaport with Punic and Roman phases.
Creators: T.W. Potter
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, R. Talbert
Modifications: added topostext, update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

‘Iovis Lareni’

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 F1 ‘Iovis Lareni’
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added topostext; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Italia

The Italian peninsula extending northward to the Alps as recognized by the Romans.
Creators: R. Talbert, Brian Z. Lund, Mary E. Downs, M. Joann McDaniel
Contributors: Pierre Motylewicz, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added topostext
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Italia, Regio IV

One of the administrative regions from Augustus's division of Italy, comprising Samnium. Described by Pliny the Elder in Book III of his Natural History.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: 2 refs. added; references added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Karpathos (island)

Karpathos, part of the Dodecanese, lies between Crete and Rhodes in the southern Aegean Sea.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Arthur De Graauw, Tom Elliott
Modifications: location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; ref. cleanup; smith 1854 (perseus)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Karsos (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 67 C3 Karsos fl.
Creators: T. Sinclair, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: M. Ballance, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Kasos (island)

Southwest of Karpathos, Kasos is the southernmost island of the Dodecanese.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kaspiai Pylai/Caucasiae Portae

The river Terek flows through the Darial Gorge in eastern Georgia along the flank of Mount Kazbek. This natural pass was known by many names in antiquity, including the Caspian Gates, the Caucasian Gates, and the Gates of Iberia. It was also referred to as the Gates of the Sarmatians and the Gates of the Alans. The latter name provides the source for the current toponym describing the gorge itself. Anderson 1928 notes that "Caspian Gates" (Caspiae portae) is used to refer to at least three locations in the ancient sources, with the Darial Gorge being one of those.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Diane Braund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; baseline created; edit summary; edited; name; update references; update summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Kerkouane

A Punic city of northeastern Tunisia, near Cape Bon, abandoned ca. 250 BC (cited: BAtlas 32 H3 Kerkouane)
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: add wikidata q538061: kerkouane; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kestrine/Kammania

A district of Epirus.
Creators: W.M. Murray
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kimmerion Oros

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 87 K2 Kimmerion Oros
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Kleitor (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 C2 Kleitor fl.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Klukhor Pass

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 87 H1 Klukhor Pass
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Diane Braund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: add wikipedia (de)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kotyora

An ancient settlement on the Black Sea coast just to the north of modern Ordu, Turkey. Archaeological remnants of port facilities were previously noted in the neighborhood of Kirazlimanı.
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Diane Braund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created; darmc 23283 = related; darmc location on baseline place should be withdrawn in favor of this location.; initial revision; summary; updated locations
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Krokeai

Krokeai was a settlement in southern Laconia.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added topostext, wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Kromitis

The territory of the city of Kromi, as described by Pausanias.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: references, summary, place type = region
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ktenous Limen

Strabo indicates that Ktenous Limen was equidistant from Chersonesos and Symbolon Limen.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; cnxn; summary; update refs. added strabo ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Kyphos

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: R. Talbert, G. Reger, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: helly 1973
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larinum

A settlement of Apulia that originated with the Samnites and Frentani and later came under Roman influence. During the Second Punic War, the Romans defeated Hannibal at Larinum. The settlement eventually gained Roman municipal status.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larinum Roman amphitheater

An amphitheater of the first century A.D.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: add wikidata q2844407: roman amphitheatre of larino
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larisa

An ancient settlement located in mountainous terrain to the north of Tralleis.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: DARMC, Sean Gillies, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: removed topostext reference (wrong larisa); summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Larisa

A city of southeastern Crete, mentioned by Strabo. It may be associated with the "Kastellos" at modern Kalamafka.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: cleaned up references; darmc 3802 = related; new pauly reference; summary; title
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larisa

An ancient settlement known to Strabo as a village (formerly a city) in the territory of Ephesus, but closer to Mt. Tmolus than to Ephesus itself. Modern scholars differ as to the precise location of Larisa, but agree in placing it between modern Tire and modern Bayındır in Turkey.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added new pauly and buresch 1898; added strabo references; added topostext reference; baseline created; cleaned up references; darmc 3801 = related; details; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; once these two locations are published, the darmc location should be retracted; summary; updated locations; wikipedia reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Larisa Kremaste/Pelasgia

An ancient settlement of Achaea Phthiotis, located in the area of the modern town of Pelasgia in Greece.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Robin Iversen Rönnlund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added new pauly reference; cleaned up references; darmc location 13413 = related
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larisa/Ptolemais?

An ancient city of the Troad, located at modern Limantepe in Turkey.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Ryan M. Horne, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added new pauly reference; cleaned up references; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larissa

An ancient place in Cappadocia, lying on a Peutinger map route between "Arasaxa" and "Incilissa" (the latter possibly a false toponym resulting from scribal error). Modern attempts to identify a precise location are inconclusive.
Creators: T.B. Mitford
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added sinclair 2020; added tp reference; baseline created; cleaned up references; details; initial revision; place type; see also reference; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Larissa

An unlocated ancient settlement of Thessaly, listed in the Map-by-Map Directory for Barrington Atlas Map 55 as "located somewhere on Mount Ossa."
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: G. Reger, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created; cleaned up references; details; initial revision; place type; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Larissa

The ancient capital of the Thessalian Pelasgiotis, modern Larisa in Greece.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added new pauly reference; cleaned up references; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larissa

A putative ancient settlement somewhere in central Italy.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added batlas ref.; baseline created; cleaned up references; updated briquel 1984 page nos.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Larissai Petrai

An escarpment east of ancient Larsos on the island of Lesbos and north of the main line of the Roman-era aqueduct supplying Mytilene.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; summary; updated locations
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Larissa/Sizara

An ancient settlement located on the Orontes river to the southeast of Apamea. Scholars identify it with modern Shaizar in Syria.
Creators: J.P. Brown, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Larsa

Larsa was an important city of ancient Sumeria. It was a center of the cult of Utu, the sun god.
Creators: A. Hausleiter, M. Roaf, St J. Simpson, R. Wenke
Contributors: Sean Gillies, P. Flensted Jensen, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, R. Talbert, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Lastos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 E4 Lastos
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: link hope simpson 1962 to zotero
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Le Murella

A middle Republican fortified site located near Norba.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lepti Minus

Lepti Minus was an ancient port city in Tunisia.
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added tp ref.; wikidata x2 added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lepti Minus Roman amphitheater

The Roman amphitheater of Lepti Minus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lerna

Lerna was an ancient settlement on the east coast of the Peloponnesus. Extensive Bronze Age layers were excavated in the twentieth century by J. L. Caskey.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Leukai

Leukai was an ancient harbor city on the north shore of the Gulf of Smyrna.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Leuke

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 F3 Leuke
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Leuke (island)

Leuke, now Koufonísi, is a small, rocky island southeast of Crete that in antiquity was a center for the production of the purple dye derived from from the gastropod Murex trunculus.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Liris/Clanis (river)

The Liris river (modern Liri) is one of the principal rivers of central Italy.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lobaos

The site of two monopteral nuraghi.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

(Lo)Volautrum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 17 B2 (Lo)Volautrum
Creators: E. Bertrand
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: fournier 1962
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Luca

Luca (the modern Lucca) was originally an Etruscan settlement that became a Roman colony ca. 180 B.C.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lucus Furrinae

The Lucus Furrinae or Syrian Sanctuary is a sanctuary site on the Janiculum Hill in Rome. The first known construction at the site took place during the late first century CE and it remained in use until the mid-fourth century CE.
Creators: Wenqian Liu, Lex Ladge
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Thomas Landvatter
Modifications:
Actors:

Lukmanier Pass

The Lukmanier Pass or Passo del Lucomagno is a mountain pass in the Swiss Alps (elevation 1915 meters above sea level).
Creators: H. Bender
Contributors: G. Moosbauer, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, M. Puhane, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added name (en); added name (it); added summary; update refs., add wikidata q666004: lukmanier pass
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lurg Moor

A Roman fortlet located on Lurg Moor dating from the Antonine period, ca. AD 140.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lykaia

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Lykosoura

A city of Arcadia and home of the cult of Despoina
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update paus. ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Maenuba (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 26 D4 Maenuba fl.
Creators: Jr., F.H. Stanley, R.C. Knapp
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: wikidata q2666460: guadiamar
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mainalion Pedion

The Mainalion Pedion was a plain located in central Greece.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: ref. updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Makareia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 C3 Makareia
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Makrokephaloi

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 87 D4 Makrokephaloi
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Manios Kolpos

The Hvar Channel is located between the islands of Brač and Hvar in the Adriatic Sea.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; update summary, type, references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Maratha

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Maratha
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mases

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 E3 Mases
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update paus. refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Maxula

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 32 F3 Maxula
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: cleanup refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Melpis (river)

The Melfa river flows through Lazio, originating from the Monti della Meta and joining the Liri river near San Giovanni Incarico.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cleanup; ctype --> flows into; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Memnonia

An archaeological site in the Theban Hills on the West Bank of the Nile river opposite Luxor, Egypt. The location is best known for the Mortuary Temple of Ramesses III.
Creators: T. Wilfong, S.E. Sidebotham, J. Keenan
Contributors: R. Talbert, Adam Prins, Jen Thum, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, Herbert Verreth, Sean Gillies, Mark Depauw
Modifications: update references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Menios (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Menios fl.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Messeis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Messeis
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Migonion

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Migonion
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Minturnae

Originally an Ausonian town that fought against Rome in 314 B.C., Minturnae became a colony in 296 B.C. The site is located on the Garigliano river (ancient Liris) and served an important economic function. The Via Appia passes through the city.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: cnxn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Minturnae

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 unlocated Minturnae
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Missua

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 32 G3 Missua
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; updates; wikidata, wikipedia
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Moches/Tarsouras?/Thersos?/Kyaneos?/Gyenos? (river)

The Mokvi river flows from the southern slopes of the Kodori Range to the Black Sea.
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cnxn; summary, wikipedia; update refs.; updated connections
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Montefortino

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 D2 Montefortino
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Monte Serico

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 D3 Monte Serico
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: vinson 1972
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Munychia

A hill in the Piraeus and the site of extensive fortifications in the Classical and Hellenistic periods.
Creators: Ryan M. Horne
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Murus Servii Tullii

The Republican city wall of Rome.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling
Modifications: wiseman 2021 added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Mylai

An ancient settlement, known today simply as "Manastır". It is located to the southwest of Taşucu in Turkey.
Creators: S. Mitchell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added wikipedia reference; baseline created; cleaned up references; initial revision; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Myrgion/Tithion (mountain)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Myrgion/Tithion M.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Naustathmus Portus

An ancient port on the east coast of Sicily, mentioned by Pliny. It is probably to be associated with modern Fontane Bianche.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: summary; title
Actors: Tom Elliott

Neapolis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 65 F2 Neapolis
Creators: C. Foss, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Necropolis of San Giuseppe

The Necropolis of San Giuseppe is located along a cut tufo road or via cava near Pitigliano.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications:
Actors:

Necropolis of Santa Maria in Borraccia

A seventh- and sixth-century B.C. Etruscan necropolis located in the territory of Heba.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: update vici.org ref., added wikidata q106520047: necropolis of santa maria in borraccia ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nepet

Nepet had become a Roman town before 396 B.C. when Livy dubs it, along with Sutrium, as one of the "keys" to Etruria. It became a Roman colony in 383 B.C. and a municipium after the Social War.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: mottolese 2020
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Nisyros

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 61 E4 Nisyros
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: link hope simpson 1962 to zotero
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Norba

A town of the Peucetii in South Italy, Norba was conquered by the Romans in 268 BC and was abandoned in the fifth century AD.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Norba

Norba, located in the Monti Lepini, was a member of the Latin League (ca. 499 B.C.) and became a Latin colony ca. 492 B.C. The city was destroyed in the early first century B.C.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added assoc. modern name; added name; changed type, added reference; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; ref.; references; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Noviodunum

Modern Neung-sur-Beuvron may be the site of the ancient oppidum Noviodunum Biturigum where Vercingetorix was defeated.
Creators: H.S. Sivan, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added dare; baseline created; ocd ref.; update refs., added wikpedia
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Corbos

A Middle Bronze Age nuragic monument in Silanus, Sardinia.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Nuraghe Gibe Truttiri

A nuraghe located near the beach of Cala Marina.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Nymphas

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Nymphon

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Nymphon
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Octaviolca

Mentioned in Ptolemy and in a Roman-era itinerary document, Octaviolca has long been thought to have been located at or near modern Camesa (Valdeola) in Spain. More recent excavations have identified Roman structures immediately south of Camesa that are now widely regarded as the proper site.
Creators: E.W. Haley
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; summary; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Old Kilpatrick

Old Kilpatrick is the site of the western terminal fort of the Antonine Wall.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: wikidata q56664797: old kilpatrick roman fort
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Onkeion

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Onougnathos (promontory)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 D5 Onougnathos Pr.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited; title
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Oppidum Bochoritanum

Oppidum Bochoritanum is a pre-Roman and Roman settlement on the island of Majorca. The original settlement dates ca. 1400 BC.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q4936168: bocchoris
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Oraia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Oraia
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Orospeda (mountain)

Strabo identifies Orospeda as bordering Celtiberia on the south. The Barrington Atlas tentatively locates it in and arround the Sierra de Segura, just to the east of, and across the headwaters of the Guadalquivir river from, the Sierra de Cazorla, which it more confidently identifies with the Tugiensis Saltus.
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Orridroxiu

Two nuraghi located in the valley of Riu Accu 'e Nius.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Ossa (mountain)

A mountain in central Greece (between Olympus and Pelion), important in Greek mythology. Several ancient cities and a shrine to the Muses were located on its western slopes.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, G. Reger, Tom Elliott
Modifications: summary; title
Actors: Tom Elliott

Ouelaunioi

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 16 unlocated Ouelaunioi
Creators: S. Loseby, R. Häussler
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; updates to refs. added place type
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Ouellaboroi/Velabri

An ancient tribe that was located in the south-west of Ireland.
Creators: R. Warner, A. Bursche
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; cnxn; summary, refs.; updated connections
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Oxus (river)

Oxus fl. (modern Amu Darya river) is a major river of central Asia. It flows from the Pamir Mountains to the Aral Sea.
Creators: M.U. Erdosy
Contributors: R. Talbert, Pietro Maria Liuzzo, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; ref. cleanup
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Ozuaei

An ancient tribe of Illyria.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: summary, type, pliny ref.; update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Pachynum Pr.

A promontory of extreme southeastern Sicily.
Creators: R.J.A. Wilson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Valeria Vitale, Jonathan Prag, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Parietinae

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 27 D3 Parietinae
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Parrasia

A region of ancient Arcadia. A settlement of the same name is included in the Homeric catalog of ships.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added references; edited; updated existing references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Pedion

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B2 Pedion
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: place type = plain, update ref. to paus.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Peloponnesus/Peloponnesos/Peloponnese

The large peninsula protuding into the Mediterranean Sea that constitutes the southern part of Greece. It is largely separated from mainland Greece on the north by the Corinthian Gulf, joining it only in the northeast via the narrow Isthmus of Corinth.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Pierre Motylewicz, R. Talbert, Gabriel Moss, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: ctype -> abuts; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Pentelikon/Brilessos (mountain)

Pentelikon/Brilessos is a mountain to the northeast of Athens that was famous for its fine-grained marble.
Creators: J.S. Traill
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Penteskouphia

A hill surmounted by a Frankish fortress located ca. 1200 m SW of Akrocorinth.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q97173081: penteskoufia
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Petra

Now unlocated, Petra was an ancient settlement in Elis. Pausanias notes that it is the location of the tomb of the philosopher Pyrrhon.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updated references, summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phaidrias

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Phaidrias
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phalassia (promontory)

A promontory, listed by Ptolemy among other coastal features of Euboea, Phalassia is probably to be associated with a promontory on the Malian Gulf in the modern locality of Βασιλίνας (Vasilinas) where a late 19th century lighthouse now stands.
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: R. Talbert, G. Reger, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision; summary; title; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Pharis

Pharis or Phare was an ancient site in Laconia located in the Spartan plain along the route leading from Amyclae to the coast.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; reference cleanup
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pharus (island)

Pharus Ins. (Hvar, Croatia) is an island in the Adriatic Sea.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phayttos

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 55 C1 Phayttos
Creators: J. Fossey, J. Morin
Contributors: G. Reger, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Sean Gillies
Modifications: baseline created
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phoibaia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 E2 Phoibaia
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Phrixos (river)

An ancient river of Greece, placed by Pausanias somewhere between Argos and Lerna. Its precise location cannot be determined today.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; initial revision; summary; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Pian del Vescovo

The Pian del Vescovo is the western necropolis of Blera and perhaps the most extensive. A variety of tomb types dating to the seventh and sixth centuries BCE are attested.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: edited; name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pian di Sorrento

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 F4 Pian di Sorrento
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pinna

Pinna (modern Penne) was a center of the Vestini. The site came under Roman control after the Social War (89 BC).
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Pisuertes

An ancient people of Umbria whose territory is now unlocated.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Pitigliano

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 B3 Pitigliano
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Plataniston (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B3 Plataniston fl.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Platea (island)

An island in the Aegean Sea mentioned by Pliny. It is probably to be identified with the modern Khamilonisi.
Creators: Classical Atlas Project Office, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created; title, summary; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Poediculi

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 45 E3 Poediculi
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Polou

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Polou
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Ponte della Rocca, Blera

The so-called Ponte della Rocca located on the Via Clodia at Blera is situated adjacent to the Necropolis of San Giovenale and Terrone. Some sources suggest an original date in the third or second centuries BCE.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added summary; arachne 2109040: brücke, sog. ponte della rocca viterbo (provinz); baseline created; dare; update title; updated refs., adding vici.org and wikipedia (it)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Pont Julien

A bridge that spans the river known as the Cavalon (French), once part of the Via Domitia
Creators: S. Loseby
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: ctype -> crosses
Actors: Tom Elliott

Porta Collina

A gate in Rome's Servian Wall located on the Quirinal Hill.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added refs: wikidata, topostext, tm geo; edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Porta Maggiore, Norba

The main gate, defended by a bastion, of the Middle Republican fortifications of the city. The gate still stands to a height of ca. 13 m.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Adam Rabinowitz
Modifications: added vici.org 61733: porta maggiore di norba
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Porta Marzia

The so-called Porta Marzia at Perugia began as a third century B.C. gate of the Etruscan city and was engulfed in the fortifications of the Rocca Paolina in 1540.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Porthmos Sinus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 E4 Porthmos Sinus
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Perry Scalfano, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Poseidonias

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Poseidonias
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Privernum

A Volscian center that Rome reportedly destroyed in the late fourth century B.C.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Prosenses/Proseis

An ancient settlement that Pausanias lists in Parrasia in Arcadia, apparently near Lykosoura. Its precise location cannot be determined today.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added wikipedia (en); initial revision; reference type for pausanias; summary; update paus. ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Qamişvan/Değirmendüzü

Değirmendüzü (formerly Qamişvan/Kamişvan) is a modern village situated ca. 8 km in the east of Pathos (Aznavurtepe / Anzavurtepe) in the Ağrı Province in eastern Turkey. Here a column base with an inscription of the Urartian king Minua, son of Išpuini (9th/8th century BCE) has been found (CTU I A 5-70)
Creators: Birgit Christiansen
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: cleaned up references; edited; initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Quirinal Hill

One of the hills of Rome, comprised of several smaller peaks. According to tradition its first inhabitants were Titus Tatius and the Sabines; during the Republic the hill was a mostly residential area.
Creators: Sara Hales, Echo Smith, Edward Keogh
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling
Modifications: added refs: tm geo, topostext
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Rathlin Island

An island offshore from modern Northern Ireland with evidence of human habitation stretching back to the Mesolithic period. It is one possible identification for an ancient "Riginia" island mentioned in ancient sources.
Creators: Tom Elliott
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited; initial revision; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; migrated from location; summary
Actors: Tom Elliott

Rhipe/Rhype (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Rhipe/Rhype Ins.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update title, update paus. ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Riginia

An island mentioned in various ancient sources with some drift or corruption in the representation of the name. It has long been identified by scholars with the island now known as Rathlin, which is located off the modern northern Irish coast, but Fitzpatrick-Matthews has recently argued for an identification with Jura in Scotland's Inner Hebrides.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added fitzpatrick-matthews reference; added renames reference; baseline created; cleaned up tir reference; fixed typo in title; initial revision; summary; title; title, summary
Actors: Tom Elliott

Roman amphitheater

The Roman amphitheater is located on the opposite bank of the wadi from Bararus.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q29002314: bararus amphitheatre
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman amphitheater at Iol Caesarea

The Roman amphitheater at Iol Caesarea was of moderate size, with room for about 16,000 spectators.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q28969515: cherchell amphitheatre
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman amphitheater at Sipous/Sipontum

The Roman amphitheater at Sipous/Sipontum.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman amphitheater at Uthina

The Roman amphitheater at Uthina dates to the reign of Hadrian and seated about 16,000 spectators.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman amphitheater at Volaterrae

The ruins of a sizable Roman amphitheater at Volaterrae came to light in 2016.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added refs: wikipedia (it), wikidata
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman amphitheater of Carthage

A Roman amphitheater built at Carthage.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: added wikidata carthage amphitheatre
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman arch (Medinaceli)

A triple-bay Roman Imperial arch near Medinaceli, Spain, that was originally dedicated to the emperor Domitian and later re-dedicated to Trajan.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Roman civil amphitheater at Carnuntum

Located outside the city wall, the Roman amphitheater at Carnuntum dates to the later second century. It could accommodate some 13,000 spectators. The amphitheater likely went out of use by the fourth century.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater at Carthage

The Roman theater at Carthage was built around the middle of the second century A.D. It was re-discovered in 1904.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q18008299: theatre of carthage
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater at Interamnia Praetuttiorum

A Roman theater dating to the Augustan period.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q3982372: roman theatre of teramo
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater at Metellinum

The Roman theater at Metellinum (modern Medelin, Spain) dates to the late first century B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q47518123: roman theatre of metellinum
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater at Thignica

The Roman theater at Thignica.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q42609741: roman theatre of thignica
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater of Vienne

A first century Roman theater in Vienne.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: add wikidata, updated merimee
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Roman theater, Tipasa

The Roman theater at Tipasa.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Contributors:
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Rubricatum (river)

The Llobregat river of Catalonia.
Creators: H.S. Sivan, S.J. Keay, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Rujm el-Farideyyeh

A Roman military site in Jordan, it was bulldozed out of existence between 2013 and 2017.
Creators: S.T. Parker
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Kai-Christian Bruhn, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added wikipedia reference
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ruspe

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 33 H2 Ruspe
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Ruspina

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 33 G1 Ruspina
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, Sean Gillies
Modifications: ctype tp ref.; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sa Carcaredda

A nuragic complex consisting of a 'megaron-type' temple and a giant's grave.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added wikidata q15843677: sa carcaredda
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sacer Mons

Sacer Mons is a hill on the banks of the Anio river and is connected, traditionally, with the episode of the secession of the Roman plebs of 494 BC.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Saetabis? (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 27 E3 Saetabis? fl.
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: schulten 1959 update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sagalassos

Sagalassos is an ancient city in Pisidia that was later part of the Roman province of Galatia. The city flourished until natural disasters and disease led to its decline in the sixth century AD.
Creators: C. Foss, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added murphy and poblome 2021
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sagrus (river)

A river of eastern Italy (modern Sangro).
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Sal(a)pia(i)/Salinae

Sal(a)pia(i)/Salinae was an ancient city of Daunia.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Salaria?

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 27 B4 Salaria?
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, Sean Gillies, María Jesús Redondo
Modifications: add ptolemy, pliny, topostext; added wikidata q20087591: colonia salaria; cnxn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sant'Imbenia Roman Villa

A maritime villa of Roman imperial date, located on the northwest shore of the Porto Conte bay in western Sardinia. Use of the site for various purposes continued into the 8th century of the modern era.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added cca roma reference; added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; added sardegna cultura reference; added testone 2015; cleaned up references; details; edited; initial revision; removed wikipedia article, because it is about the bronze age site nearby; summary; title, summary, place type; updated names
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Sardinia (island)

The second largest island in the Mediterranean Sea
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sardis/Hyde?

Sardis was the capital of the Lydian Empire located in western Turkey. In 188 B.C. Sardis became a part of the Attalid kingdom and thus it passed with the territory of Attalus III to Rome in 133 B.C.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Jamie Novotny, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, R. Talbert, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications:
Actors:

Scheggia Pass

The Scheggia Pass marks the division between the Central and Northern Apennines in northern Umbria. Its elevation is 632 meters above sea level.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Elizabeth Robinson
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Selemnos? (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B1 Selemnos? fl.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Serpent Column

An ancient bronze column that was displayed in the Hippodrome of Constantinople, the Serpent Column was part of a monument originally installed at Delphi and relocated to Constantinople by Constantine I in A.D. 324. The monument was originally built to celebrate the Greek defeat of the Persian Empire at the Battle of Plataea in 479 B.C.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: migrated from location; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Serrone di Bove

The small hill known as "Il Poggio di Serrone di Bove" is located in the hinterland of ancient Norba and was the site of settlement activity. Architectural remains on the site include those of a polygonal masonry sub-struction or platform as well as an ancient roadway that be part of the road tract from Norba to Cora.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added name; attema added; edited; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Setis (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 80 inset Setis Ins.
Creators: T. Wilfong, S.E. Sidebotham, J. Keenan
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

S. Giovanni

Canadian-led excavations between 1977 and 1984 uncovered a series of three Roman villas dating from the first to the sixth centuries AD at San Giovanni di Ruoti in southern Italy.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Signia

A city of Latium Adjectum established as a Latin colony ca. 494 B.C.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: ref. cleanup, added strabo
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sipous/Sipontum

A Greek colony that fell first under Samnite control, then was later taken by Alexander of Epirus. The site became a Roman colony in 189 BC.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; wikidata added
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Skepsis

An ancient settlement of the Troad.
Creators: C. Foss, G. Reger, S. Mitchell
Contributors: DARMC, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Gabriel Bodard, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Skiadis

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Skiadis
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Skiros

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Skope

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Skope
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update paus. ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Skotitas

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 D3 Skotitas
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, bkieling
Modifications: added topostext, cleaned up references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

So-called Temple of Hercules

A site on the Via Appia that is likely commercial in nature but that has long been associated with a shrine mentioned by Martial.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: added martial ref.; cnxn; edited; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; place created
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Solorius (mountain)

Sierra Nevada.
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Tom Elliott

Songeons

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 11 B3 Songeons
Creators: J. Kunow, C. Haselgrove
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sorviodunum

Sorviodunum (Old Sarum) is the site of pre-Roman habitation in Salisbury, England, where occupation began as early as 3,000 B.C. The oval Pre-Roman fort, covering some 11 ha, was re-used during the Roman and Norman periods.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

S. Passera

S. Passera is a Christian church on the Tiber river in Rome, opposite the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. The current church dates to the ninth century and incorporated the remains of a Roman tomb. The church is traditionally connected to a community of local miners.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

S. Passera hypogeum

A hypogeum connected with the S. Passera complex.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications:
Actors:

Spezzano Albanese

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 46 D2 Spezzano Albanese
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Strageath

Strageath is the site of a Roman camp located near the River Earn in eastern Scotland.
Creators: A.S. Esmonde Cleary
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Strouthos? (promontory)

Pausanias mentions this cape, which is probably to be identified with the modern Touphekares.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added topostext; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; summary; title; updated locations
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

‘Subsicivo’?

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 46 D5 ‘Subsicivo’?
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Su Fraigu

A Punic necropolis.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Sullecthum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 33 H2 Sullecthum
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates; wikidata q286794: salakta
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Sulmo

A chief settlement of the Peligni that was ravaged by the Carthaginians during the Second Punic War.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Surami Pass

A mountain pass of the Likhi Range of Georgia (altitude of 949 metres (3,114 ft)).
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Diane Braund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Surrentum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 F4 Surrentum
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Symbola

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 unlocated Symbola
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Symbolon Limen

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 23 G4 Symbolon Limen
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: DARMC, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, R. Talbert, Diane Braund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: baseline created; strabo
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Syriai Pylai

Syriai Pylai (Belen Pass) is a narrow pass through the Nur Mountains. This may be the location at which Alexander the Great pursued Achaemenid King Darius III after the Battle of Issus.
Creators: T. Sinclair, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: M. Ballance, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edit typo in summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tamuda

Tamuda was a city of Mauretania Tingitana. Pliny hints at a pre-Roman settlement that has been confirmed archaeologically.
Creators: M. Euzennat
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: cnxn, ref.; edited; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tamuda (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 28 D2 Tamuda fl.
Creators: M. Euzennat
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cnxn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tarvenna

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 11 C2 Tarvenna
Creators: J. Kunow, C. Haselgrove
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tatev Monastery

Armenian monastery located in Syunik Province, Armenia. Constructed beginning in 848, the monastery complex was expanded several times from the 10th-13th century.
Creators: Gabriel McKee
Contributors:
Modifications: edited; initial revision
Actors: Gabriel McKee

Tauris (island)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 20 D6 Tauris Ins.
Creators: M. Šašel Kos, P. Kos
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: kozličić 1990, title
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Teanum Apulum

A town in ancient Apulia located between Larinum and and Sipontum. Rome took control of the site in 318 BC, granting it municipal status.
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: name; references; updates; updates, add topostext
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Teanum Sidicinum

Teanum Sidicinum (modern Teano) was the capital of the Oscan-speaking Sidicini tribe. The city likely submitted to Rome after 334 B.C.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates, added topostext
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tell Abu Marya/[Apqu]

Tell Abu Marya/[Apqu] was a settlement of western Assyria, the modern Tell Abu Marya.
Creators: M. Roaf, T. Sinclair, S.E. Kroll, St J. Simpson
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: initial revision; update refs. add wikidata, summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Tell Amarna

An ancient settlement, located just to the north of the modern village of ‘Amārinah (Jarabulus District, Aleppo Govenorate, Syria). Archaeological evidence at the site dates from the 6th millennium BCE to the early Byzantine period.
Creators: T. Sinclair, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: M. Ballance, R. Talbert, Adam Prins, Jen Thum, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, Herbert Verreth, R. Warner, Sean Gillies, Mark Depauw
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location; added tell amarna 2017; added tunca 2004 and 2011; added wikipedia reference; baseline created; cleaned up batlas reference; corrected erroneous tm geo reference; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; removed tunca 1996; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Tell en-Nasbeh

Tell en-Naṣbeh is an archaeological site ca. 12 km north of the Old City of Jerusalem. The site is often identified with the biblical Mizpah in Benjamin.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Noah Kaye
Modifications:
Actors:

Tembris (river)

The modern Porsuk River.
Creators: T. Drew Bear
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Temple of Diana at Nemi

A site sacred to Diana near Lake Nemi, comprised of a Tuscan-style sanctuary and a sacred grove.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Talbert, Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: name; strabo; title
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Temple of Hercules at Amman/Philadelpheia

The Temple of Hercules is located within the Amman Citadel in Amman, Jordan. The temple was built during the administration of Geminius Marcianus, ca. 162-166.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: add wikidata q20423672: temple of hercules
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Temple of Vespasian and Titus

A temple in the Roman Forum dedicated to the deified Vespasian that was begun by Titus and completed under Domitian.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Temple to Nefertari at Abu Simbel

The smaller of the two temples at Abu Simbel, dedicated to the goddess Hathor and the deified queen Nefertari. The temple was relocated between 1964 and 1968 to prevent its submersion under Lake Nasser after the construction of the Aswan High Dam.
Creators: Nate Nagy, Tom Elliott
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Alec Mitchell

Temple to Ramesses II at Abu Simbel

The larger of the two temples at Abu Simbel, dedicated to the triad of Amun, Ra-Horakhty, and Ptah, as well as the deified Ramesses II. The temple was relocated between 1964 and 1968 to prevent its submersion under Lake Nasser after the construction of the Aswan High Dam.
Creators: Nate Nagy, Tom Elliott
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Alec Mitchell

Teura

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 46 E4 Teura
Creators: I.E.M. Edlund Berry, A.M. Small
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Thalassi, Mon.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 67 unlocated Thalassi, Mon.
Creators: T. Sinclair, P.-L. Gatier
Contributors: M. Ballance, R. Talbert, Jeffrey Becker, R. Warner, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thamugadi

A Roman colonial town founded in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria by the Emperor Trajan around AD 100. The city's full name was Colonia Marciana Ulpia Traiana Thamugadi. Trajan named the city in commemoration of his mother Marcia, eldest sister Ulpia Marciana, and father Marcus Ulpius Traianus.
Creators: E.W.B. Fentress
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, R. Talbert, jfu
Modifications: added topostext; added tp ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Theadelpheia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 75 D2 Theadelpheia
Creators: R. Müller Wollermann
Contributors: R. Talbert, Adam Prins, Jen Thum, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, Herbert Verreth, Sean Gillies, Mark Depauw
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Theai kai Nymphai, T.

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 60 D5 Theai kai Nymphai, T.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: ctype, add ref.; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Theater at Madauros

The Roman theater at Madauros in Africa Proconsularis.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q62050969: roman theatre of madauros
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Theater at Patara/Arsinoe

The Theater at Patara/Arsinoe dates to the reign of Tiberius and was subsequently renovated under the Antonines.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: add wikidata q106641289: theater of patara
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

The Forum of Corporations

A key commercial center occupying the quadriporticus of the theater of Ostia, the Forum of Corporations dates initially to the Augustan period but is substantially rebuilt in the second century.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: added arachne x2
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Theganoussa (island)

Theganoussa Ins. (Venetiko, Greece)
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited title, update references; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Theisoa

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 58 B2 Theisoa
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Theodosia

A Greek colony founded by Miletus in the sixth century BC.
Creators: David Braund
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Diane Braund, Tom Elliott
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thigernum

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 17 B2 Thigernum
Creators: E. Bertrand
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: fournier 1962
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thignica

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 32 D3 Thignica
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: darmc 6465; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; update refs.; wikidata q2876389: ain tounga
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thoanteion Pr.

Thoanteion Pr., a promontory of Karpathos mentioned by Ptolemy.
Creators: J. Bennet, G. Reger
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added location; refs.; summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Thyrsos (river)

The Tirso river, one of the most important rivers of Sardinia, flows from the Punta Pianedda to the Gulf of Oristano.
Creators: S.L. Dyson
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates; wikidata q2121259: tirso
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Thysdrus

Thysdrus (modern El Djem, Tunisia) was a Punic and Roman city of North Africa. It flourished in the second century A.D. and built its massive amphitheater in the third century. After an abortive revolt in A.D. 238, the city was destroyed by soldiers loyal to Maximinus Thrax.
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, Sean Gillies
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tinna (river)

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 42 F2 Tinna fl.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: wikidata q3983464: tenna
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tipasa

Tipasa was an ancient Punic trading-post conquered by Rome and turned into a strategic base for the conquest of the kingdoms of Mauritania.
Creators: T.W. Potter
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tolerium

Tolerium was an ancient city that was a part of the Latin League. Antonio Nibby supported associating its location with Valmontone.
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Topazios (island)

An island in the Red Sea. The island is noted by Pliny as a source of topaz.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: strabo
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Tophet of Carthage

The Tophet of Carthage, also known as tophet de Salammbô, is a hybrid sanctuary-necropolis of Punic Carthage.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Ryan M. Horne
Modifications: ctype -> located at
Actors: Tom Elliott

Tower 17

Rectangular defensive tower located on the western side of the defensive circuit walls around the city of Dura-Europos. Built ca. 150 BCE, the city's fortifications were breached in 256 CE and went out of use thereafter.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Kyle Conrau-Lewis, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created
Actors: Keith Jenkins

Tower 20

Rectangular defensive tower located on the western side of the defensive circuit walls around the city of Dura-Europos. Built ca. 150 BCE, the city's fortifications were breached in 256 CE and went out of use thereafter.
Creators: Anne Chen
Contributors: Kyle Conrau-Lewis, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created
Actors: Keith Jenkins

Tractus Umbriae

According to Pliny the Elder, the Tractus Umbriae was the coastal territory near the mouth of the Umbro that was originally settled by the Umbri. It was located between Saena and Telamo.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Trapezus

An ancient settlement of Asia Minor on the south coast of the Black Sea. Modern Trabzon in Turkey.
Creators: T. Sinclair, David Braund
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, R. Talbert, B. Siewert-Mayer, Diane Braund, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Trebiates

An ancient tribe of Umbria that Pliny places in the sixth Augustan region.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: fixed phi link; initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Trebula Suffenas

An ancient Sabine city.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications:
Actors:

Trerus/Tolerus (river)

A river of central Italy and a right tributary of the Liris.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: geonames 3168733: fiume sacco
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

tribus Pomptina

The tribus Pomptina (or Pontina) was a later rural tribe of Rome, which was established in 358 B.C.
Creators: Vasiliki Papathanasiou
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

tribus Velina

The tribus Velina was one of the later rural tribes which was established in Rome in 241 B.C.
Creators: Vasiliki Papathanasiou
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Trikka

An ancient settlement, attested by literary or documentary sources, whose precise location cannot be determined today
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Trikrana (island)

An ancient island mentioned by Pausanias, it can be identified with the modern Trikeri.
Creators: G. Reger, J. McK. Camp II
Contributors: Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Tom Elliott
Modifications: ctype -> located in; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; title, summary; update paus. ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott

Troculu

A megalithic "giant's tomb" in proximity to a nuragic settlement.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited
Actors: Tom Elliott

Tureng tepe/Khosro-shad-Peroz

Tureng tepe/Khosro-shad-Peroz is an archaeological site located in northeastern Iran.
Creators: M. Roaf, E.J. Keall
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: added darmc reference to maintain linkage after retracting less precise location
Actors: Tom Elliott

Turret 51B (Lea Hill)

A turret situated on Hadrian's Wall.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added wikidata q6509268: leahill turret, hadrian's wall
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Turret 7B (Denton)

A turret situated on Hadrian's Wall.
Creators: Scott Vanderbilt
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: added wikidata; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Umbro (river)

A river of Etruria that flows from Castelnuovo Berardenga to the Tyrrhenian Sea.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates to refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Unnamed aqueduct at Angitiae Lucus

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 D2 unnamed aqueduct (Angitiae Lucus)
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cnxn; title, references
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Unnamed villa

An unnamed villa of Tripolitana
Creators: Sean Gillies
Contributors: DARMC, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 40 C4 unnamed aqueduct (Compitum ad Confluentes)
Creators: M. Pearce, R. Peretto, P. Tozzi
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update ref.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 25 E4 no. 117 (Dehesa de Baños)
Creators: H.S. Sivan, S.J. Keay, R.W. Mathisen
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: teichner 2018
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 G4 unnamed centuriation (Abellinum)
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 40 C4 unnamed centuriation (Ariminum, near Compitum ad Confluentes)
Creators: M. Pearce, R. Peretto, P. Tozzi
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cnxn; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 27 C2 unnamed bridge (S. Clemente on R. Rus, SW Valeria)
Creators: P.O. Spann
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: correct error in reference palomero plaza 1990 by re-fetching from zotero
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 43 E3 no. 61 (cult place near Trerus fl.)
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cnxn
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 24 E2 no. 13 (Las Ventas de Albares)
Creators: E.W. Haley
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 40 C4 unnamed bridge (near Compitum ad Confluentes)
Creators: M. Pearce, R. Peretto, P. Tozzi
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: cnxn; updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 26 D3 unnamed bridge (N Emerita Augusta, over R. Albarregas)
Creators: Jr., F.H. Stanley, R.C. Knapp
Contributors: R. Warner, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: fernández casado 1980
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Untitled

Tarvenna → Ardres
Creators: J. Kunow, C. Haselgrove
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Urso/Col. Genetiva Iulia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 26 E4 Urso/Col. Genetiva Iulia
Creators: Jr., F.H. Stanley, R.C. Knapp
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, R. Talbert, María Jesús Redondo
Modifications: edited
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Usil(l)a/Usula

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 33 G3 Usil(l)a/Usula
Creators: R.B. Hitchner
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, R. Warner, Jeffrey Becker, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vapheio Tholos Tomb

The Vapheio Tholos Tomb is a Mycenaean tholos built around 1500 BC that is assumed to have held an elite burial or burials. It is best known for the two golden Minoan-style cups it housed.
Creators: Michael Horst
Contributors: Elise Johnson, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Michael Horst, Jeffrey Becker, Emily van Zanten, Adam Rabinowitz, Tom Elliott, Dalton Parish
Modifications: added topostext, wikidata; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Velathri/Volaterrae

A major Etruscan city of North Etruria.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: bonamici and sorge 2021
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Velia

The Velia, no longer extant, was a spur stretching from the north side of the Palatine Hill toward the Oppian Hill.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors: Brady Kiesling
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Velia

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 44 unlocated Velia
Creators: N. Purcell
Contributors: Jonathan Weiland, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Velini (lake)

A lake formed by three rivers (Avens, Himella and Tolenus) in the territory of the Sabines.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: name; update references, title (lake)
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Velzna/*Volsinii Veteres/Urbiventus

Volsinii Veteres was one of the most powerful and important cities of Etruria, as it was the location of the important federal sanctuary located at the Fanum Voltumnae.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: DARMC, Gabriel McKee, Brady Kiesling, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications:
Actors:

Vestini

The Vestini were an ancient tribe of Italy and lived in the southern part of the modern Abruzzo, between the Gran Sasso and the northern bank of the Aterno river. A major center was located at Pitinum.
Creators: W.V. Harris
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: updates
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Via Veientana

The ancient Via Veientana led from Etruscan Veii to the Tiber river.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications:
Actors:

Vilarenc

The villa dates from the first century B.C. to the third century A.D. when it was transformed into a bath complex. It was partially reclaimed as a villa in late Roman and Medieval times.
Creators: Qianli Jiang
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Gabriel McKee
Modifications: added reference; added vici.org, wikidata, wikipedia (es) references; name
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Villa of the Frescoes

Referred to both as the House and the Villa of the frescoes, this seaside Roman domestic complex with a peristyle garden covered more than 1,000 square feet and dates to the second century A.D.
Creators: Brandon Wilson
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: summary
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Villa Pamphili

The church of San Pancrazio was founded in the sixth century A.D. by Pope Symmachus. It stands beyond the Porta San Pancrazio on the Ianiculum. Below the church is a massive catacomb referred to as S. Pancrazio or Ottavilla.
Creators: L. Quilici, S. Quilici Gigli
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: cnxn; update refs.
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Volubilis

A town of Mauretania Tingitana and a Roman colony.
Creators: M. Euzennat
Contributors: Brady Kiesling, Sean Gillies, Jean Luc PIROUX, Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott, DARMC, R. Warner, R. Talbert, jfu
Modifications: added topostext
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Vosgepag

Vosgepag was the Armenian name for a small village near Van in eastern Turkey (now officially called Beşçatak in Turkish). In its church, a reused building inscription of the Urartian king Minua (9th / 8th century BCE) was found.
Creators: Birgit Christiansen
Contributors: Jeffrey Becker, Tom Elliott
Modifications: edited; initial revision
Actors: Tom Elliott

Water Eaton Roman camps

A series of Roman camps on the River Penk along the line of Watling Street.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q17641746: two roman camps n of water eaton
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Whitemoss Roman auxiliary fort

A Roman auxiliary fort built ca. A.D. 140 that protected the western flank of the Antonine Wall.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q56667632: whitemoss roman fort, 175m sw of rosarymount
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Wilderness Plantation Roman fortlet

A fortlet was identified via aerial photographs in October 1965. In this vicinity, the Antonine Wall runs roughly parallel between the River Kelvin to the north and the Forth and Clyde Canal to the south.
Creators: Jeffrey Becker
Contributors:
Modifications: wikidata q81329311: wilderness plantation fortlet
Actors: Jeffrey Becker

Zaigaina (islands)

Mentioned by Ptolemy, the Zaigaina "islands" are identified by modern scholars with the so-called Daedalus reef in the Red Sea.
Creators: D.F. Graf
Contributors: R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: baseline created; summary
Actors: Tom Elliott

Zivistan/Elmalık

Elmalık (formerly Zivistan, Zewestan) is a village in the Van Province in the southeast of Turkey ca. 12 km to the south of Van. Two small Urartian fortress have been found in the immediate vicinity, which are known as Aşağı Zivistan Kalesi ("Lower Zivistan Castle") and Yukarı Zivistan Kalesi ("Upper Zivistan Castle"). On the basis of several Urartian stone inscriptions of the Urartian king Išpuini (9th century BCE) (CTU I A 2-2 - A 2-4) and one rock inscription of the same king (CTU I A 2-5), both fortresses can be dated to the the reign of the Urartian king Išpuini (9th century BCE).
Creators: Birgit Christiansen
Contributors: Tom Elliott
Modifications: burney references; cleaned up references; edited; initial revision; location from osm created by products.pleiadesentity.browser.osm.osmlocationfactory; title, summary, place type
Actors: Tom Elliott

Zoufaques

An ancient place, cited: BAtlas 11 C2 Zoufaques
Creators: J. Kunow, C. Haselgrove
Contributors: DARMC, R. Talbert, Sean Gillies, Tom Elliott, Jeffrey Becker
Modifications: update
Actors: Jeffrey Becker